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增温施肥对农田土壤有机碳和全氮含量及δ13C、δ15N值的影响

李佳珍 董文旭 陈拓 胡春胜

李佳珍, 董文旭, 陈拓, 胡春胜. 增温施肥对农田土壤有机碳和全氮含量及δ13C、δ15N值的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2022, 30(5): 842−850 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220071
引用本文: 李佳珍, 董文旭, 陈拓, 胡春胜. 增温施肥对农田土壤有机碳和全氮含量及δ13C、δ15N值的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2022, 30(5): 842−850 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220071
LI J Z, DONG W X, CHEN T, HU C S. Effects of warming and fertilization on soil organic carbon and total nitrogen contents, and δ13C and δ15N in farmland[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2022, 30(5): 842−850 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220071
Citation: LI J Z, DONG W X, CHEN T, HU C S. Effects of warming and fertilization on soil organic carbon and total nitrogen contents, and δ13C and δ15N in farmland[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2022, 30(5): 842−850 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220071

增温施肥对农田土壤有机碳和全氮含量及δ13C、δ15N值的影响

doi: 10.12357/cjea.20220071
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD190100202)资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    李佳珍, 主要研究方向为农田碳氮循环和环境效应。E-mail: lijiazhenle@163.com

    通讯作者:

    陈拓, 主要研究方向为农田碳氮循环和环境效应, E-mail: chent9@163.com

    胡春胜, 主要研究方向为农田碳氮循环和环境效应,E-mail: cshu@sjziam.ac.cn

  • 中图分类号: S3

Effects of warming and fertilization on soil organic carbon and total nitrogen contents, and δ13C and δ15N in farmland

Funds: This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFD190100202).
More Information
  • 摘要: 农田土壤是重要的碳氮库, 对气候变化极其敏感, 但土壤碳氮循环对气候变化的响应目前还不清楚。在全球变暖背景下, 为了实现我国碳达峰、碳中和目标, 研究增温对土壤有机碳、全氮含量及其碳氮同位素的影响具有重要的现实意义。本研究采用红外辐射加热器模拟全球变暖, 使5 cm土壤温度增加约2 ℃。通过测定灌溉前后土壤有机碳和全氮含量及δ13C和δ15N值的变化, 研究增温、施氮和灌溉对华北平原小麦田土壤碳氮库的影响。试验共设4个处理: 不施氮不增温(N0T0)、不施氮增温(N0T1)、施氮不增温(N1T0)和施氮增温(N1T1)。结果表明: 灌溉前, 增温降低了土壤有机碳含量, 0~10 cm土层N1T1处理与不增温处理(N0T0和N1T0)之间差异显著(P<0.05), 10~20 cm土层N1T1处理与其他处理差异均显著(P<0.05); 灌溉后, 增温虽有降低土壤有机碳含量的趋势, 但差异不显著; 施氮条件下, 增温显著提升了δ13C值(P<0.05)。增温降低了土壤全氮含量, 并在灌溉前10~20 cm土层和灌溉后0~10 cm土层达显著水平(P<0.05); 增温提升了土壤δ15N值, 灌溉前0~10 cm土层N0T0处理与增温处理(N0T1和N1T1)差异显著(P<0.05), 灌溉后0~10 cm土层仅N0T1和N1T0处理间差异显著(P<0.05), 而10~20 cm土层增温处理(N0T1和N1T1)均与N1T0处理差异显著(P<0.05)。同一处理同一时期, 土壤有机碳和全氮的含量随土壤深度的增加而降低, δ13C和δ15N值随深度增加而升高, 但土壤有机碳和δ13C值的变化差异不显著, 全氮含量和δ15N值的变化差异显著(P<0.05)。土壤有机碳、全氮含量及δ13C和δ15N值在灌溉前后的差异均不显著。连续5年的增温施氮试验表明, 未来气候变暖可能会加快土壤有机碳和全氮的分解, 造成更多轻组有机碳损失。灌溉在短期内不会显著改变土壤碳氮含量及δ13C和δ15N值, 但其长期影响还需进一步探究。此外, 未来研究还应该重视多因素交互作用对土壤碳氮循环的影响。
  • 图  1  2012—2013年冬小麦季大气温度和降雨量

    Figure  1.  Daily mean air temperature and precipitation during wheat growing season of 2012 to 2013

    图  2  2013年灌溉前(3月28日, A)和灌溉后(4月26日, B)不同增温和施氮处理下不同土层的有机碳含量

    N0T0: 不施氮不增温; N0T1: 不施氮增温; N1T0施氮不增温; N1T1: 施氮增温。不同小写字母表示同一土层不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05), 不同大写字母表示同一处理两个土层间差异显著。N0T0: no nitrogen and no warming; N0T1: no nitrogen and warming; N1T0: nitrogen application and no warming; N1T1: nitrogen application and warming. Different lowercase letters mean significant differences among treatments in the same soil depth at P<0.05 level. Different capital letters mean significant differences between two soil layers for the same treatment at P<0.05 level.

    Figure  2.  Contents of soil organic carbon at two depths before (on March 28, A) and after (on April 26, B) irrigation under different fertilization and warming treatments in 2013

    图  3  2013年灌溉前(3月28日, A)和灌溉后(4月26日, B)不同增温和施氮处理下不同土层的有机碳δ13C值

    N0T0: 不施氮不增温; N0T1: 不施氮增温; N1T0施氮不增温; N1T1: 施氮增温。不同小写字母表示同一土层不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05), 不同大写字母表示同一处理两个土层间差异显著。N0T0: no nitrogen and no warming; N0T1: no nitrogen and warming; N1T0: nitrogen application and no warming; N1T1: nitrogen application and warming. Different lowercase letters mean significant differences among treatments in the same soil depth at P<0.05 level. Different capital letters mean significant differences between two soil layers for the same treatment at P<0.05 level.

    Figure  3.  δ13C natural abundances at two depths before (on March 28, A) and after (on April 26, B) irrigation under different fertilization and warming treatments in 2013

    图  4  2013年灌溉前(3月28日, A)和灌溉后(4月26日, B)不同增温和施氮处理下不同土层的全氮含量

    N0T0: 不施氮不增温; N0T1: 不施氮增温; N1T0施氮不增温; N1T1: 施氮增温。不同小写字母表示同一土层不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05), 不同大写字母表示同一处理两个土层间差异显著。N0T0: no nitrogen and no warming; N0T1: no nitrogen and warming; N1T0: nitrogen application and no warming; N1T1: nitrogen application and warming. Different lowercase letters mean significant differences among treatments in the same soil depth at P<0.05 level. Different capital letters mean significant differences between two soil layers for the same treatment at P<0.05 level.

    Figure  4.  Contents of soil nitrogen at two depths before (on March 28, A) and after (on April 26, B) irrigation under different fertilization and warming treatments in 2013

    图  5  2013年灌溉前(3月28日, A)和灌溉后(4月26日, B)不同增温和施氮处理下不同土层的δ15N值

    N0T0: 不施氮不增温; N0T1: 不施氮增温; N1T0施氮不增温; N1T1: 施氮增温。不同小写字母表示同一土层不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05), 不同大写字母表示同一处理两个土层间差异显著。N0T0: no nitrogen and no warming; N0T1: no nitrogen and warming; N1T0: nitrogen application and no warming; N1T1: nitrogen application and warming. Different lowercase letters mean significant differences among treatments in the same soil depth at P<0.05 level. Different capital letters mean significant differences between two soil layers for the same treatment at P<0.05 level.

    Figure  5.  δ15N natural abundances at two depths before (on March 28, A) and after (on April 26, B) irrigation under different fertilization and warming treatments in 2013

    图  6  2013年灌溉前(3月28日, A)和灌溉后(4月26日, B)不同增温和施氮处理下不同土层的碳氮比

    N0T0: 不施氮不增温; N0T1: 不施氮增温; N1T0施氮不增温; N1T1: 施氮增温。不同小写字母表示同一土层不同处理间差异显著(P<0.05), 不同大写字母表示同一处理两个土层间差异显著。N0T0: no nitrogen and no warming; N0T1: no nitrogen and warming; N1T0: nitrogen application and no warming; N1T1: nitrogen application and warming. Different lowercase letters mean significant differences among treatments in the same soil depth at P<0.05 level. Different capital letters mean significant differences between two soil layers for the same treatment at P<0.05 level.

    Figure  6.  C/N ratios at two depths before (on March 28, A) and after (on April 26, B) irrigation under different fertilization and warming treatments in 2013

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  • 收稿日期:  2022-01-26
  • 录用日期:  2022-04-08
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-04-11
  • 刊出日期:  2022-05-18

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