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盐胁迫对食用型向日葵现蕾期叶片光合性能与冠层结构的影响

董睿潇 王永庆 王鑫博 李玉义 王希全 张宏媛 宋佳珅 于茹 逄焕成 王婧

董睿潇, 王永庆, 王鑫博, 李玉义, 王希全, 张宏媛, 宋佳珅, 于茹, 逄焕成, 王婧. 盐胁迫对食用型向日葵现蕾期叶片光合性能与冠层结构的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2023, 31(0): 1−12 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230227
引用本文: 董睿潇, 王永庆, 王鑫博, 李玉义, 王希全, 张宏媛, 宋佳珅, 于茹, 逄焕成, 王婧. 盐胁迫对食用型向日葵现蕾期叶片光合性能与冠层结构的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2023, 31(0): 1−12 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230227
DONG R X, WANG Y Q, WANG X B, LI Y Y, WANG X Q, ZHANG H Y, SONG J S, YU R, PANG H C, WANG J. Effects of salt stress on photosynthetic characteristics and canopy structure of edible sunflower leaves at budding stage[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2023, 31(0): 1−12 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230227
Citation: DONG R X, WANG Y Q, WANG X B, LI Y Y, WANG X Q, ZHANG H Y, SONG J S, YU R, PANG H C, WANG J. Effects of salt stress on photosynthetic characteristics and canopy structure of edible sunflower leaves at budding stage[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2023, 31(0): 1−12 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230227

盐胁迫对食用型向日葵现蕾期叶片光合性能与冠层结构的影响

doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230227
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1901002)和中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(Y2021YJ20)资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    董睿潇, 主要研究方向为盐碱地障碍耕地改良。E-mail: 82101212106@caas.cn

    通讯作者:

    王婧, 主要研究方向为盐碱障碍耕地改良。E-mail: wangjing02@caas.cn

  • 中图分类号: S156.4

Effects of salt stress on photosynthetic characteristics and canopy structure of edible sunflower leaves at budding stage

Funds: This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (2021YFD1901002) and the Basic Research Funds for Public Research Institutes of the Central Government (Y2021YJ20).
More Information
  • 摘要: 为探明不同程度盐胁迫对现蕾期食用型向日葵(下称“食葵”)光合作用的影响, 测定分析轻度(全盐量1.00 g∙kg−1, LS)、中度(全盐量2.68 g∙kg−1, MS)和重度(全盐量4.93 g∙kg−1, HS)盐胁迫下, 现蕾期食葵不同叶位叶片的光合性能和冠层结构参数。结果表明, 盐胁迫降低了食葵叶片的净光合速率(Pn), 其中MS和HS处理的Pn最大值较LS分别降低5.09%和37.16%, 并减少了具有较高光合速率的叶片数量。盐胁迫降低了食葵顶叶的Pn, MS、HS处理的食葵顶叶Pn最大值较LS分别降低8.07%、14.35%。LS处理的光合速率受到气孔和非气孔双重因素的影响, 而MS、HS处理主要受非气孔因素的影响。盐胁迫改变了食葵的株型, LS处理的冠层结构呈宝塔型, 而MS和HS处理的冠层结构分别呈平展型和圆柱体型。盐胁迫会减小食葵总叶面积和主要功能叶面积, 其中HS处理的总叶面积较LS、MS处理分别降低56.03%、47.74%, HS处理的最大单叶面积较LS、MS处理分别降低38.71%、49.46%; 同时增大叶倾角, HS处理的叶倾角最大值与LS、MS处理相比分别提高30.92%、14.59%。总之, 盐胁迫会明显降低食葵主要功能叶片的光合性能和叶面积, 并使其冠层结构由伸展型向收缩型变化, 进而抑制植株正常生长。
  • 图  1  盐胁迫下食葵不同叶位叶片的净光合速率

    Figure  1.  Net photosynthetic rate of sunflower leaves at different positions under salt stress

    图  2  盐胁迫下食葵不同叶位叶片的叶绿素含量

    LS: 轻度盐胁迫; MS: 中度盐胁迫; HS: 重度盐胁迫。LS: light salt stress; MS: moderate salt stress; HS: heavy salt stress.

    Figure  2.  Chlorophyll content of sunflower leaves at different positions under salt stress

    图  3  不同盐分水平下食葵不同叶位叶片光合速率影响因子变化

    LS: 轻度盐胁迫; MS: 中度盐胁迫; HS: 重度盐胁迫。LS: light salt stress; MS: moderate salt stress; HS: heavy salt stress.

    Figure  3.  Changes in influencing factors of photosynthetic rate at different positions of sunflower leaves under different salinity levels

    Figure  4.  Daily changes of photosynthetic rate and its affecting factors in the top leaves of sunflower under different salinity levels

    图  5  盐胁迫下食葵不同叶位叶片的叶面积

    LS: 轻度盐胁迫; MS: 中度盐胁迫; HS: 重度盐胁迫。LS: Light salt stress; MS: moderate salt stress; HS: heavy salt stress.

    Figure  5.  Leaf area of sunflower leaves at different positions under salt stress

    图  6  盐胁迫下食葵不同叶位叶片的叶倾角

    LS: 轻度盐胁迫; MS: 中度盐胁迫; HS: 重度盐胁迫。LS: Light salt stress; MS: moderate salt stress; HS: heavy salt stress.

    Figure  6.  Leaf inclination angle of sunflower leaves at different positions under salt stress

    表  1  不同处理土壤的盐分含量

    Table  1.   Salt content of soil at different treatments

    处理
    Treatment
    电导率
    Conductivity (μS∙cm−1)
    全盐量
    Total salt (g∙kg−1)
    pH
    LS轻度盐胁迫
    Light salt stress
    3131.007.92
    MS中度盐胁迫
    Moderate salt stress
    8392.687.84
    HS重度盐胁迫
    heavy salt stress
    1 5424.939.10
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同盐分水平下食葵不同叶位叶片净光合速率与各因素之间的相关系数

    Table  2.   Correlation coefficients between net photosynthetic rate and its affecting factors at different positions of sunflower leaves under different salinity levels

    处理
    Treatment
    气孔导度
    Stomatal conductance (Gs)
    胞间CO2浓度
    Intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci)
    蒸腾速率
    Transpiration
    rate (Tr)
    叶温
    Leaf temperature (TL)
    光合有效辐射
    Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR)
    气孔限制值
    Stomatal limitation value (Ls)
    叶面积
    Leaf area
    (LA)
    LS0.819**0.666*0.920**−0.675*0.637*−0.795*0.367
    MS0.865**0.639*0.922**−0.5320.472−0.767*0.889*
    HS0.911**0.745*0.984**−0.921**0.140−0.803**0.701*
      LS: 轻度盐胁迫; MS: 中度盐胁迫; HS: 重度盐胁迫。*表示在P<0.05水平差异显著, **表示在P<0.01水平差异显著。LS: Light salt stress; MS: moderate salt stress; HS: heavy salt stress. * means significant difference at P<0.05 level, ** means significant difference at P<0.01 level.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  不同盐分水平下食葵顶叶净光合速率(Pn)与各因素相关系数比较

    Table  3.   Comparison of correlation coefficients between net photosynthetic rate and various factors in the top leaves of sunflower under different salinity levels

    处理
    Treatment
    时间
    Time
    气孔导度
    Stomatal
    conductance (Gs)
    胞间CO2浓度
    Intercellular CO2
    concentration (Ci)
    蒸腾速率
    Transpiration
    rate (Tr)
    叶温
    Leaf temperature (TL)
    光合有效辐射
    Photosynthetically active
    radiation (PAR)
    气孔限制值
    Stomatal limitation
    value (Ls)
    LS8:000.710*0.5750.632−0.742*−0.572−0.597
    10:000.999**0.988**−0.961**−0.995**0.983**−0.996**
    12:000.914**−0.6800.990**−0.902**−0.978**0.174
    14:001.000**0.732*0.992**−0.999**−0.901**−0.997**
    16:000.826**−0.0980.6490.540−0.684−0.479
    18:000.696*−0.778*0.934**0.714*−0.945**0.603
    MS8:00−0.900**−0.931**−0.910**0.751*−0.4360.930**
    10:000.196−0.995**−0.964**−0.310−0.898*0.996**
    12:000.975**0.791*0.986**−0.955**0.930**−0.924**
    14:000.915**−0.3570.936**−0.111−0.255−0.512
    16:000.947**−0.707*0.603−0.143−0.740*0.453
    18:000.910**0.5990.904**0.881*0.843*−0.669*
    HS8:00−0.569−0.988**−0.3000.411−0.1770.976**
    10:000.661*−0.875*−0.801*−0.521−0.4580.165
    12:00−0.902**0.927**0.971**−0.910**−0.978**−0.928**
    14:00−0.325−0.967**0.968**0.952**0.2960.959**
    16:000.890*0.858*0.846*−0.186−0.865*−0.854*
    18:000.935**−0.994**0.943**0.950**−0.929**0.969**
      LS: 轻度盐胁迫; MS: 中度盐胁迫; HS: 重度盐胁迫。*表示在P<0.05水平差异显著, **表示在P<0.01水平差异显著。LS: Light salt stress; MS: moderate salt stress; HS: heavy salt stress. * means significant difference at P<0.05 level, ** means significant difference at P<0.01 level.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  不同盐分处理下不同时段食葵光合作用主要受到的影响

    Table  4.   The photosynthesis of sunflower was mainly affected by different salt treatments at different periods

    处理
    Treatment
    时间
    Time
    影响因子
    Impact factor
    LS8:00Gs, TL
    10:00Gs, Ci, Tr, TL, PAR,Ls
    12:00Gs, TL, Tr, PAR
    14:00Gs, Ci, Tr, TL, PAR,Ls
    16:00Gs
    18:00Gs, Ci, Tr, TL, PAR
    MS8:00Gs, Ci, Tr, TL,Ls
    10:00Ci, Tr, PAR,Ls
    12:00Gs, Ci, Tr, TL, PAR,Ls
    14:00Gs, Tr
    16:00Gs, Ci, PAR
    18:00Gs, Tr, TL, PAR, Ls
    HS8:00Ci,Ls
    10:00Gs, Ci, Tr
    12:00Gs, Ci, Tr, TL, PAR,Ls
    14:00Ci, Tr, TL,Ls
    16:00Gs, Ci, Tr, PAR,Ls
    18:00Gs, Ci, Tr, TL, PAR, Ls
      LS: 轻度盐胁迫; MS: 中度盐胁迫; HS: 重度盐胁迫。TL: 叶片温度; Tr: 蒸腾速率; Ci: 细胞间隙CO2浓度; Gs: 气孔导度; Ls: 气孔限制值; PAR光合有效辐射。LS: Light salt stress; MS: moderate salt stress; HS: heavy salt stress. TL: Leaf temperature; Tr: Transpiration rate; Ci: Intercellular CO2 concentration; Gs: Stomatal conductance; Ls: Stomatal limitation value; PAR: Photosynthetically active radiation.
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2023-04-27
  • 录用日期:  2023-09-12
  • 修回日期:  2023-09-12
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-10-07

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