农技推广服务信息化对农户科学施肥技术采纳决策的影响

王攀; 李谷成; 刘迪

doi:10.12357/cjea.20230301

农技推广服务信息化对农户科学施肥技术采纳决策的影响

doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230301

王攀^1,,
李谷成^1, ,,
刘迪²

1.
华中农业大学经济管理学院　武汉　430070
2.
湖北第二师范学院经济与管理学院　武汉　430205

基金项目: 国家社会科学基金重大项目(18ZDA072)资助

详细信息

作者简介:
王攀, 研究方向为农业技术经济。E-mail: wp97@webmail.hzau.edu.cn

通讯作者:
李谷成, 研究方向为农业产业与技术经济。E-mail: lgcabc@mail.hzau.edu.cn

中图分类号: F323.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-05-30
- 录用日期: 2023-08-25
- 修回日期: 2023-08-30
- 网络出版日期: 2023-09-11

Impact of informatization of agricultural extension services on farmers’ scientific fertilization technology adoption decisions

WANG Pan^1
,,
LI Gucheng^{1
, ,},
LIU Di²

1.
College of Economics and Management, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
2.
School of Economics and Management, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan 430205, China

Funds: This study was supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China (18ZDA072).

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail: lgcabc@mail.hzau.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 持续推进科学施肥是实现稳粮保供和生态文明建设的有力支撑。为探寻数字乡村建设背景下促进我国农户科学施肥的有效策略, 本文基于湖北省水稻产区1256份农户调查数据, 利用Heckman两阶段模型, 从“采纳行为” 和“采纳程度”两个方面探讨了农技推广服务信息化对农户科学施肥技术采纳决策的影响; 并运用逐步回归法对农技推广服务信息化影响农户科学施肥技术采纳决策的作用机理进行剖析。研究发现: 1)农技推广服务信息化对农户的科学施肥技术采纳行为和采纳程度均存在显著的正向影响。2)农技推广服务信息化对农户不同类型科学施肥技术采纳行为的影响存在差异。相较于新型肥料施用技术, 农技推广服务信息化对农户采纳高效施肥技术的带动效应更大。3)农技推广服务信息化通过提高效益认知促进农户的科学施肥技术采纳行为, 通过降低风险认知促进农户的科学施肥技术采纳行为和采纳程度。据此, 本文提出要不断丰富信息化服务形式与内容、完善协同推广机制、通过个性化服务和精准推广提升农技推广服务效能等政策建议。
- 农技推广服务信息化 /
- 科学施肥技术 /
- 采纳行为 /
- 采纳程度 /
- 效益认知 /
- 风险认知
Abstract: Continuously promoting scientific fertilization is a powerful support for achieving a stable food supply and constructing an ecological civilization. To explore the effective strategies to promote scientific fertilization by Chinese farmers in the context of digital village construction, this study uses the Heckman two-stage model based on the data from 1256 surveys of farmers in the rice producing areas of Hubei Province to explore the influence of informatization of agricultural extension services on the adoption decision of scientific fertilization technology by farmers in terms of “adoption behavior” and “the degree of adoption.” Additionally, we analyzed the mechanism of informatization of agricultural extension services on scientific fertilization technology adoption decision by farmers using the stepwise regression method. The results are presented as follows: 1) the informatization of agricultural extension services had a significant positive effect on adoption behavior of farmers and the degree of adoption of scientific fertilization technologies, 2) there are differences in the effects of informatization of agricultural extension services on different types of scientific fertilization technologies. The informatization of agricultural extension services had a more significant effect on the adoption of efficient fertilization technologies by farmers than the application of new fertilizers, 3) the informatization of agricultural extension services promoted adoption behavior of farmers by improving benefit perception; it also promoted the adoption behavior of farmers and the degree of their adoption by reducing risk perception. Consequently, this study proposes policy recommendations to continuously enrich the forms and service contents of information-based agricultural extension services, improve the cooperative extension mechanism, and enhance the effectiveness of agricultural extension services through personalization and precision.
- Informatization of agricultural extension services /
- Scientific fertilization technology /
- Adoption behavior /
- Degree of adoption /
- Benefit perception /
- Risk perception

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表 1 农技推广服务信息化影响农户科学施肥技术采纳决策的相关变量定义与描述性统计

Table 1. Definition and descriptive statistics of variables related to the informatization of agricultural extension services affecting farmers’ scientific fertilization technology adoption decisions

变量 Variable	定义及赋值 Definition and assignment	均值 Mean	标准差 Standard deviation
科学施肥技术采纳行为 Scientific fertilization technology adoption behavior	是否采纳科学施肥技术: 是=1; 否=0 Whether to adopt scientific fertilization technology, and 1 and 0 represent yes and no, respectively.	0.362	0.481
科学施肥技术采纳程度 Degree of adoption of scientific fertilization technology	被采纳技术的个数 Number of adopted techonologies	0.603	1.005
农技推广服务信息化 Informatization of agricultural extension service	是否使用信息化服务方式获取农业技术信息: 是=1; 否=0 Whether to use informatization service method to obtain agricultural technology information, and 1 and 0 represent yes and no, respectively	0.320	0.467
效益认知 Benefit perception	科学施肥技术对生态环境和水稻产量的影响(从低到高赋值1~5分, 取均值) Impact of scientific fertilization technology on ecology and rice yield (assign 1–5 points from low to high, and take the mean value)	3.997	0.730
风险认知 Risk perception	科学施肥技术的施肥效果不好(从低到高赋值1~5分) Poor fertilization effect of scientific fertilization technology (assign 1–5 points from low to high)	3.927	1.127
性别 Gender	男=1; 女=2 Male=1; female=2	1.060	0.237
年龄 Age	受访者实际年龄 Respondents’ actual age	59.811	9.378
受教育程度 Degree of education	受访者受教育年限 Respondents’ years of education (a)	8.139	3.187
务农人数 Number of farming workers	水稻种植期间自家的人工投入 Home-based labor inputs during rice cultivation (persons)	1.827	0.817
家庭总收入 Total household income	家庭总收入 Total household income (10⁴ ¥)	11.529	22.982
农业收入占比 Share of agricultural income	农业收入占家庭总收入的比重 Share of agricultural income in total household income	0.362	0.312
是否是示范户 Whether it is a demonstration household	是=1; 否=0 Yes=1; no=0	0.082	0.274
是否加入合作社 Whether to join the cooperative	是=1; 否=0 Yes=1; no=0	0.166	0.372
实际播种面积 Actual sown area	水稻的实际播种面积, 对数处理 The actual sown area of rice (hm²), logarithmic processing	−0.411	1.192
土壤肥沃程度 Soil fertility	从低到高赋值1~5分 1–5 points from low to high	3.416	0.982
种粮目的 Grain growing purpose	家庭食用=1; 销售=2; 两者都有=3 Home consumption=1; sale=2; both=3	2.606	0.641
是否转入土地 Whether to transfer to land	是=1; 否=0 Yes=1; no=0	0.376	0.485
是否安装WiFi Whether to install WiFi	是=1; 否=0 Yes=1; no=0	0.807	0.395
产业示范引领区 Industrial demonstration and leading area	是=1; 其他=0 Yes=1; others=0	0.529	0.499
产业功能提升区 Industrial function enhancement area	是=1; 其他=0 Yes=1; others=0	0.352	0.478
产业特色优势区 Industrial characteristic advantageous area	是=1; 其他=0 Yes=1; others=0	0.119	0.324

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表 2 农技推广服务信息化影响农户科学施肥技术采纳决策的估计结果

Table 2. Estimation results of the impact of informatization of agricultural extension services on farmers’ scientific fertilization technology adoption decisions

变量 Variable	基准回归结果 Baseline regression result		稳健性检验: 替换核心解释变量 Robustness test: replacing core explanatory variable
变量 Variable	采纳行为 Adoption behavior	采纳程度 Degree of adoption	采纳行为 Adoption behavior	采纳程度 Degree of adoption
农技推广服务信息化 Informatization of agricultural extension services	0.261^*** (0.087)	0.529^*** (0.170)	0.172^*** (0.036)	0.313^*** (0.087)
性别 Gender	0.129 (0.168)	−0.124 (0.246)	0.122 (0.169)	−0.124 (0.247)
年龄 Age	−0.003 (0.005)	−0.002 (0.007)	−0.003 (0.005)	−0.000 (0.007)
受教育程度 Education	0.051^*** (0.014)	0.062^** (0.031)	0.049^*** (0.014)	0.062^** (0.031)
务农人数 Number of farming workers	0.020 (0.046)	−0.079 (0.072)	0.006 (0.047)	−0.104 (0.072)
家庭总收入 Total household income	0.009^* (0.005)	0.001 (0.002)	0.008^* (0.005)	−0.000 (0.002)
农业收入占比 Share of agricultural income	−0.050 (0.151)	−0.395^* (0.208)	−0.064 (0.152)	−0.415^** (0.211)
是否是示范户 Whether it is a demonstration household	0.249 (0.156)	0.399^* (0.219)	0.170 (0.158)	0.272 (0.209)
是否加入合作社 Whether to join the cooperative	0.269^** (0.108)	0.577^*** (0.182)	0.243^** (0.108)	0.553^*** (0.177)
实际播种面积 Actual sown area	0.128^** (0.052)	0.275^*** (0.095)	0.127^** (0.053)	0.283^*** (0.096)
土壤肥沃程度 Soil fertility	0.011 (0.041)	−0.033 (0.057)	0.004 (0.041)	−0.044 (0.057)
种粮目的 Grain growing purpose	0.197^*** (0.067)	−0.024 (0.131)	0.217^*** (0.068)	0.049 (0.141)
是否转入土地 Whether to transfer to land	−0.118 (0.101)	−0.080 (0.143)	−0.126 (0.102)	−0.104 (0.145)
产业示范引领区 Industrial demonstration and leading area	0.681^*** (0.184)	1.224^** (0.489)	0.686^*** (0.185)	1.268^*** (0.491)
产业功能提升区 Industrial function enhancement area	1.200^*** (0.189)	1.971^*** (0.687)	1.203^*** (0.190)	2.032^*** (0.692)
是否安装WiFi Whether to install WiFi	0.239^** (0.121)		0.223^* (0.121)
常数项 Constant	−2.495^*** (0.497)	−1.280 (1.738)	−2.478^*** (0.500)	−1.619 (1.773)
逆米尔斯比率 Inverse Mills ratio (λ)	1.315^* (0.689)		1.397^** (0.701)
Wald卡方值 Wald chi2	32.510^***		33.560^***
区域虚拟变量以产业特色优势区为参照组, 、和*分别表示10%、5%和1%水平显著, 括号内数值为标准误差。Regional dummy variables take the industrial characteristic advantageous area as the reference group. , and * indicate significant impacts at 10%, 5% and 1% levels, respectively; values in brackets are standard errors.

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表 3 农技推广服务信息化影响农户科学施肥技术采纳决策的稳健性检验: 替换回归模型

Table 3. Robustness test of the impact of informatization of agricultural extension services on farmers’ scientific fertilization technology adoption decisions: replacement of regression model

变量 Variable	Logit回归 Logit regression	断尾回归 Truncated regression
变量 Variable	采纳行为 Adoption behavior	采纳程度 Degree of adoption
农技推广服务信息化 Informatization of agricultural extension service	0.439^*** (0.143)	0.426^*** (0.136)
常数项 Constant	−3.846^*** (0.819)	1.465 (0.933)
其他变量 Other variables	已控制 Controlled
LR卡方值 LR chi2	248.440^***
σ		1.106^*** (0.056)
、和*分别表示10%、5%和1%水平显著, 括号内数值为标准误差。, and * indicate significant impacts at 10%, 5% and 1% levels, respectively; values in brackets are standard errors.

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表 4 农技推广服务信息化对农户不同类型科学施肥技术采纳行为的影响

Table 4. Impact of informatization of agricultural extension services on farmers’ adoption behavior of different types of scientific fertilization technologies

变量 Variable	Bivariate Probit模型 Bivariate Probit model
变量 Variable	高效施肥技术 Efficient fertilization technology	新型肥料施用技术 New fertilizers application
农技推广服务信息化 Informatization of agricultural extension service	0.579^*** (0.094)	0.047 (0.091)
常数项 Constant	−2.747^*** (0.562)	−2.111^*** (0.509)
其他变量 Other variables	已控制 Controlled
Athrho	0.440^*** (0.061)
LR检验值 LR test	56.520^***
、和*分别表示10%、5%和1%水平显著, 括号内数值为标准误差。, and * indicate significant impacts at 10%, 5% and 1% levels, respectively; values in brackets are standard errors.

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表 5 农技推广服务信息化影响农户科学施肥技术采纳决策的作用机制检验

Table 5. Mechanism test of the impact of informatization of agricultural extension services on farmers’ scientific fertilization technology adoption decisions

变量 Variable	效益认知 Benefit perception	采纳行为 Adoption behavior	采纳程度 Degree of adoption	风险认知 Risk perception	采纳行为 Adoption behavior	采纳程度 Degree of adoption
农技推广服务信息化 Informatization of agricultural extension service	0.139^*** (0.047)	0.093^*** (0.029)	0.271^*** (0.060)	−0.195^*** (0.073)	0.091^*** (0.029)	0.264^*** (0.060)
效益认知 Benefit perception		0.050^*** (0.018)	0.050 (0.036)
风险认知 Risk perception					−0.042^*** (0.011)	−0.069^*** (0.023)
常数项 Constant	3.518^*** (0.232)	−0.286^*** (0.158)	−0.168 (0.323)	4.183^*** (0.361)	0.065 (0.152)	0.298 (0.312)
其他变量 Other variables	已控制 Controlled
Z_Mediation		1.986>1.96			2.106>1.96
Z_Mediation值大于1.96, 则认为中介作用路径成立; 、和*分别表示10%、5%和1%水平显著; 括号内数值为标准误差。When Z_Mediation value is greater than 1.96, it is considered to hold for the mediated path; , and * indicate significant impact at 10%, 5% and 1% levels, respectively; values in brackets are standard errors.

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