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绿肥还田结合减氮对麦田土壤呼吸及其温度敏感性的影响

杨学慧 于爱忠 柴健 李悦 王凤 王鹏飞 吕汉强 王玉珑 尚永盼

杨学慧, 于爱忠, 柴健, 李悦, 王凤, 王鹏飞, 吕汉强, 王玉珑, 尚永盼. 绿肥还田结合减氮对麦田土壤呼吸及其温度敏感性的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2023, 31(0): 1−10 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230313
引用本文: 杨学慧, 于爱忠, 柴健, 李悦, 王凤, 王鹏飞, 吕汉强, 王玉珑, 尚永盼. 绿肥还田结合减氮对麦田土壤呼吸及其温度敏感性的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2023, 31(0): 1−10 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230313
YANG X H, YU A Z, CHAI J, LI Y, WANG F, WANG P F, LYU H, WANG Y L, SHANG Y P. Effects of green manure incorporation combined with nitrogen fertilizer reduction on soil respiration and its temperature sensitivity for wheat fields[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2023, 31(0): 1−10 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230313
Citation: YANG X H, YU A Z, CHAI J, LI Y, WANG F, WANG P F, LYU H, WANG Y L, SHANG Y P. Effects of green manure incorporation combined with nitrogen fertilizer reduction on soil respiration and its temperature sensitivity for wheat fields[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2023, 31(0): 1−10 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230313

绿肥还田结合减氮对麦田土壤呼吸及其温度敏感性的影响

doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230313
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1900200)、国家自然科学基金项目(32160524)、现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-22-G-12)、教育厅产业支撑项目(2021CYZC-54)和甘肃农业大学伏羲杰出人才培育计划项目(GAUfx-04J01)资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    杨学慧, 研究方向为旱地与绿洲农作制。E-mail:1184857745@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    于爱忠, 主要研究方向为循环农业, 保护性耕作等。E-mail: yuaizh@gsau.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: S344

Effects of green manure incorporation combined with nitrogen fertilizer reduction on soil respiration and its temperature sensitivity for wheat fields

Funds: This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFD1900200), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32160524), the Modern Agro-Industry Technology Research System of China (CARS-22-G-12), the Industrial Support Project of Educational Committee of Gansu Province (2021CYZC-54) and the Fuxi Outstanding Talent Cultivation Program of Gansu Agricultural University (GAUfx-04J01).
More Information
  • 摘要: 研究绿肥还田结合氮肥减施对麦田土壤呼吸动态及小麦产量的影响, 以期为干旱绿洲灌区农田碳减排技术研发提供理论依据。试验于2021—2022年在甘肃河西绿洲灌区开展, 以常规施氮无绿肥还田(N100)为对照, 设施用15 000 kg∙hm−2绿肥+85%氮肥(G1N85)、22 500 kg∙hm−2绿肥+85%氮肥(G2N85)、30 000 kg∙hm−2绿肥+85%氮肥(G3N85)、15 000 kg∙hm−2绿肥+70%氮肥(G1N70)、22 500 kg∙hm−2绿肥+70%氮肥(G2N70)和30 000 kg∙hm−2绿肥+70%氮肥(G3N70)共7个处理。探讨小麦生育期的土壤呼吸速率、碳排放量、产量及碳排放效率, 分析土壤呼吸对土壤温度的响应。结果表明: 不同处理下麦田土壤呼吸速率均呈先升高后降低的单峰趋势, 全生育期内变化范围为0.8~6.2 μmol∙m−2∙s−1。绿肥还田结合氮肥减施显著提高麦田土壤呼吸速率及土壤CO2排放总量, 与N100相比, 其平均增幅分别为6.7%~16.5%和5.4%~15.8%; 其中G3N85和G3N70较其他处理土壤呼吸速率分别增加2.2%~13.8%和3.2%~16.5%, 土壤CO2排放总量分别增加2.8%~13.2%和3.0%~15.8%; 与G3N85相比, G3N70处理两年平均土壤呼吸速率及土壤CO2排放总量分别增加3.2%和3.0% (P<0.05)。绿肥还田结合氮肥减施处理显著降低土壤呼吸温度敏感性(Q10), 与N100相比, Q10值降幅为10.4%~18.1% (P<0.05)。绿肥还田结合氮肥减施显著影响了小麦产量和土壤碳排放效率, 其中G3N85处理分别显著高于其他处理4.0%~31.3%和0.3%~20.9% (P<0.05)。可见, 绿肥还田结合氮肥减施在增强麦田土壤呼吸的同时, 显著降低土壤呼吸温度敏感性, 提高小麦产量和碳排放效率, 其中翻压绿肥30 000 kg∙hm−2配合氮肥减量15%处理(G3N85)是河西绿洲灌区小麦田节氮减排和提高农田土壤生产力的有效途径。
  • 图  1  2021—2022年作物生育期日降水量及日均温变化

    Figure  1.  Precipitation and temperature during the full growth periods of crops in the experimental station from 2021 to 2022

    图  2  2021—2022年绿肥还田结合氮肥减施条件下土壤有机碳含量

    不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

    Figure  2.  Soil organic carbon contents under green manure incorporation combined with nitrogen fertilizer reduction from 2021 to 2022

    Different lowercase letters above the bars indicate significant difference among treatments (P<0.05).

    图  3  2021—2022年绿肥还田结合氮肥减施条件下土壤呼吸速率季节变化规律

    2021年小麦苗期、拔节期、孕穗期、开花期、灌浆期、成熟期对应测定土壤呼吸速率日期为4月25日、5月12日、5月28日、6月14日、6月29日、7月13日; 2022年各测定时期对应日期为5月2日、5月19日、6月2日、6月18日、7月2日、7月18日; 图中误差线表示LSD值。

    Figure  3.  Seasonal variation of soil respiration rate under green manure incorporation combined with nitrogen fertilizer reduction from 2021 to 2022

    The determining dates for measuring soil respiration rate were 25 April, 12 May, 28 May, 14 June, 29 June, and 13 July in 2021, and 2 May, 19 May, 2 June, 18 June, 2 July, and 18 July in 2022. The corresponding growing stages of wheat were seeding, jointing, booting, flowering, filling, harvesting stage, respectively; Error bar indicates the value of LSD in the figure.

    图  4  2021—2022年绿肥还田结合氮肥减施条件下土壤CO2排放量

    不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。

    Figure  4.  Soil CO2 emission under green manure incorporation combined with nitrogen fertilizer reduction from 2021 to 2022

    Different lowercase letters above the bars indicate significant difference among treatments (P<0.05).

    图  5  2021—2022年绿肥还田结合氮肥减施条件下土壤呼吸速率(Rs)与土壤有机碳含量的关系

    Figure  5.  Relationship of soil respiration with soil organic carbon content under green manure incorporation combined with nitrogen fertilizer reduction from 2021 to 2022

    图  6  2021—2022年绿肥还田结合氮肥减施条件下土壤呼吸速率与土壤温度的关系

    Figure  6.  Relationship of soil respiration with temperature under green manure incorporation combined with nitrogen fertilizer reduction from 2021 to 2022

    表  1  不同试验处理的绿肥翻压量与氮肥施用量

    Table  1.   Green manure incorporation and nitrogen fertilizer application in different experimental treatments

    处理
    Treatment
    施氮量
    N application
    rate (kg∙hm−2)
    绿肥还田量
    Amount of Vicia villosa
    incorporation (kg∙hm−2)
    N1001800
    G1N8515315 000
    G2N8515322 500
    G3N8515330 000
    G1N7012615 000
    G2N7012622 500
    G3N7012630 000
      此处绿肥还田量为鲜重, G1、G2和G3按平均85%含水量计算其干重投入量分别为2250 kg hm−2、3375 kg hm−2和4500 kg hm−2。The amount of green manure is expressed as fresh weight, the dry weight of G1, G2 and G3 are 2250 kg hm−2, 3375 kg hm−2 and 4500 kg hm−2 according to the average water content of 85%, respectively.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  2021—2022年绿肥还田结合氮肥减施条件下小麦产量及碳排放效率

    Table  2.   wheat yield and carbon emission efficiency under green manure incorporation combined with nitrogen fertilizer reduction from 2021 to 2022

    处理
    Treatment
    籽粒产量
    Grain yield (kg∙hm−2)
    碳排放效率
    Carbon emission
    efficiency (kg∙kg−1)
    2021202220212022
    N1006227.0±136.6 e6222.6±124.1 e 2.3 c2.3 c
    G1N856874.6±198.0 d7302.6±128.8 cd2.4 bc2.5 b
    G2N858986.8±282.6 a8411.4±279.0 b3.0 a2.8 a
    G3N859250.4±77.9 a8871.4±269.0 a3.0 a2.8 a
    G1N707138.7±49.84 d6957.8±144.5 d2.4 b2.4 bc
    G2N707483.9±108.0 c7478.9±88.9 c2.4 b2.5 b
    G3N707816.0±121.4 b8081.1±339.1 b2.4 b2.5 b
      同列数据后不同小写字母表示处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。Values followed by different lowercase letters in a column are significantly different at P<0.05 probability level.
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2023-06-05
  • 录用日期:  2023-08-31
  • 修回日期:  2023-09-06
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-10-07

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