生态旅游型乡村的乡土景观植物遗传多样性

冯致; 姚志; 孙全; 李萌; 吴秀忠; 陈大华; 蒋龙; 范开放; 唐建路; 李锴; 米小琴; 于咏; 王义强

doi:10.12357/cjea.20230326

生态旅游型乡村的乡土景观植物遗传多样性

doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230326

冯致^{1, 2,},
姚志^{1, 2},
孙全^{1, 2},
李萌^{1, 2},
吴秀忠³,
陈大华³,
蒋龙³,
范开放^{1, 2},
唐建路^{1, 2},
李锴^{1, 2},
米小琴⁴,
于咏⁴,
王义强^{1, 2, ,}

1.
中南林业科技大学林业生物技术湖南省重点实验室　长沙　410004
2.
岳麓山实验室碳汇林品种创制中心　长沙　410004
3.
湖南省湘西自治州林业局　吉首　416000
4.
湖南省湘西自治州森林生态实验站　永顺　416700

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(32171842)、国家重点研发项目(2019YFD11004031)和中南林业科技大学创新课题(90102-63223068)资助

详细信息

作者简介:
冯致, 主要研究方向为生物化学与分子生物学。E-mail: biotechnologyfeng@163.com

通讯作者:
王义强, 主要研究方向为生物多样性研究。E-mail: wangyiqiang12@163.com

中图分类号: Q14; S7
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- 文章访问数: 50
- HTML全文浏览量: 25
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-06-12
- 录用日期: 2023-09-01
- 网络出版日期: 2023-10-26

Plant genetic diversity of ecotourism rural landscape

FENG Zhi^{1, 2
,},
YAO Zhi^{1, 2},
SUN Quan^{1, 2},
LI Meng^{1, 2},
WU Xiuzhong³,
CHEN Dahua³,
JIANG Long³,
FAN Kaifang^{1, 2},
TANG Jianlu^{1, 2},
LI Kai^{1, 2},
MI Xiaoqin⁴,
YU Yong⁴,
WANG Yiqiang^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
2.
Yuelushan Laboratory of Carbon Sinks Forests Variety Innovation Center, Changsha 410004, China
3.
Forestry Bureau of Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture of Hunan Province, Jishou 416000, China
4.
Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture Forest Ecological Experimental Station of Hunan Province, Yongshun 416700, China

Funds: The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32171842), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2019YFD11004031), and the Innovation Project of Central South University of Forestry and Technology (90102-63223068).

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail: wangyiqiang12@163.com.

摘要

摘要: 乡村景观植物是生态旅游型乡村营建中的关键因素, 研究乡村景观植物遗传多样性, 揭示其群体内遗传变异的丰富度和遗传结构的稳定性, 为乡村生态景观营建和生物多样性维护提供重要理论依据, 对美丽乡村建设具有重要意义。本文以两个生态旅游型乡村为研究对象, 选取了8个乡土景观物种, 采集了整体村域的植物样品, 对表型性状进行了测量并开展了ISSR-PCR试验: 通过表型性状和分子标记遗传多样性检测分析, 计算植物表型Shannon指数和Nei’s基因多样性指数等, 揭示乡土景观植物在不同区域的遗传多样性水平。研究结果表明: 基于表型性状聚类分析划分出5类枫香、6类福建青冈、4类青冈、16类榉树、7类香椿、10类马兰、5类野菊和6类蓬蘽的品系资源。8个乡土景观植物的表型变异系数为0.23~0.58, Shannon指数为1.51~6.74。8种植物在整体村域、人工区域和自然区域的Nei’s基因多样性指数分别为0.240~0.536、0.244~0.540和0.193~0.367, 多态性位点百分率范围为45.00%~100.00%, 等位基因数范围为1.45~2.00, 有效等位基因数范围为1.30~1.64。讨论分析表明, 8个乡土景观植物的表型(Shannon指数)和分子(Nei’s基因多样性指数)遗传多样性水平总体高于多种景观植物的平均水平, 遗传变异丰富; 部分乡土植物总体遗传多样性高, 但自然区域和人工区域的遗传多样性水平有所差异。在乡村景观建设中应关注乡土景观植物群体的遗传多样性水平的变化, 采取相应措施提高群体的遗传多态性和基因分布均匀度, 维护乡土景观植物遗传多样性水平, 保证乡村生态景观的稳定性和长效性。
- 生态旅游型乡村 /
- 乡土景观植物 /
- 遗传多样性 /
- 表型Shannon指数 /
- Nei’s基因多样性指数
Abstract: The incorporation of rural landscape plants plays a pivotal role in the development and establishment of ecotourism. By studying the genetic diversity of plants in rural landscapes, the richness of genetic variation and the stability of the genetic structure within a population can be revealed. This serves as an important theoretical foundation for the construction of rural ecological landscapes and biodiversity maintenance and is of great significance for the construction of beautiful villages. In this study, eight native landscape species were selected from two ecotourism villages (Changkou Village, Sanming City, Fujian Province; and Paifang Community, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province). Native rural landscape plant samples were collected from the whole village area. Phenotypic characteristics were measured, and ISSR-PCR experiments were performed. Through analysis of phenotypic features and detection of molecular markers, the Shannon index and Nei’s genetic diversity indexes were calculated to elucidate the levels of genetic diversity of native landscape plant species in different areas. Cluster analysis using phenotypic features identified five types of Liquidambar formosana, six types of Cyclobalanopsis chungii, four types of Quercus glauca, sixteen types of Zelkova serrata, seven types of Toona sinensis, ten types of Aster indicus, five types of Chrysanthemum indicum, and six types of Rubus hirsutus. The phenotypic coefficient variation and Shannon index of the eight native landscape plant species ranged from 0.23 to 0.58, and from 1.51 to 6.74, respectively. In the total area, artificial area and natural area, the Nei’s genetic diversity indexes of the eight native landscape plant species ranged from 0.240 to 0.536, 0.244 to 0.540, and 0.193 to 0.367, respectively. For the eight native landscape plant species, the percentage of polymorphic loci varied from 45.00% to 100.00%, the number of alleles varied from 1.45 to 2.00, and the number of effective alleles varied from 1.30 to 1.64. The results revealed that the phenotypic (Shannon index) and molecular (Nei’s genetic diversity index) genetic diversity levels of the eight native landscape plant species were higher than the average diversity level in numerous other landscape plant species. Additionally, the rural landscape plant species exhibited abundant genetic variation. The genetic diversity of certain rural landscape plant species exhibited a notable degree of variability; however, there were significant differences in the levels of genetic diversity observed between natural and artificial areas. In the context of rural landscape construction, it is important to prioritize the assessment of genetic diversity in rural landscape plant populations. Appropriate measures should be implemented to enhance the even distribution of genetic polymorphisms within the population and preserve the genetic diversity of native landscape plant species. This approach is essential to ensure the long-term stability of rural ecological landscapes.
- Ecotourism village /
- Rural landscape plants /
- Genetic diversity /
- Phenotypic Shannon index /
- Nei’s genetic diversity index

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图 1 乡土景观植物的品系资源

A: 枫香; B: 福建青冈; C: 青冈; D: 榉树; E: 香椿; F: 马兰; G: 野菊; H: 蓬蘽. A: Liquidambar formosana; B: Quercus chungii; C: Quercus glauca; D: Zelkova serrata; E: Toona sinensis; F: Aster indicus; G: Chrysanthemum indicum; H: Rubus hirsutus.

Figure 1. Strain resources for rural landscape plants

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同乡村区域的乡土景观植物Nei’s基因多样性指数(H_e)

*表示人工区域与自然区域间差异显著(P<0.05)。* indicates significant differences between artificial area and natural area at P<0.05 level. Lf: Liquidambar formosana; Qc: Quercus chungii; Qg: Quercus glauca; Zs: Zelkova serrata; Ts: Toona sinensis; Ai: Aster indicus; Ci: Chrysanthemum indicum; Rh: Rubus hirsutus.

Figure 2. Nei’s genetic diversity indexes (H_e) of rural landscape plants in different rural areas

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同乡村区域的乡土景观植物多态性位点百分率(PPL)

Figure 3. Percentages of polymorphic loci (PPL) of rural landscape plants in different rural areas

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同乡村区域的乡土景观植物等位基因均匀分布程度[有效等位基因数量(N_e)与等位基因数(N_a)差异水平(N_e/N_a)]

Lf: Liquidambar formosana; Qc: Quercus chungii; Qg: Quercus glauca; Zs: Zelkova serrata; Ts: Toona sinensis; Ai: Aster indicus; Ci: Chrysanthemum indicum; Rh: Rubus hirsutus.

Figure 4. Degree of uniform distribution of allelles [ratio of number of effective alleles (N_e) to number of alleles (N_a), N_e/N_a] of rural landscape plants in different rural areas

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 乡土景观植物在不同乡村区域的表型变异系数和多样性指数

Table 1. Phenotypic variation coefficients and Shannon indexes of rural landscape plants in different rural areas

物种名 Species name	变异系数 Variable coefficient	Shannon指数 Shannon index	区域 Area
枫香 Liquidambar formosana	0.58±0.07	6.74±0.06	整体村域 Total area
	0.54±0.19	4.96±0.16	人工区域 Artificial area
	0.41±0.15	5.92±0.10	自然区域 Natural area
福建青冈 Quercus chungii	0.36±0.12	6.38±0.05	整体村域 Total area
	0.23±0.11	2.28±0.03	人工区域 Artificial area
	0.36±0.11	6.30±0.05	自然区域 Natural area
青冈 Quercus glauca	0.28±0.09	5.67±0.03	整体村域 Total area
	0.24±0.11	3.65±0.03	人工区域 Artificial area
	0.28±0.08	5.30±0.03	自然区域 Natural area
榉树 Zelkova serrata	0.29±0.09	5.15±0.03	整体村域 Total area
	0.28±0.07	4.90±0.02	人工区域 Artificial area
	0.32±0.20	2.50±0.09	自然区域 Natural area
香椿 Toona sinensis	0.28±0.05	5.03±0.02	整体村域 Total area
	0.27±0.05	4.90±0.02	人工区域 Artificial area
	0.30±0.24	1.51±0.11	自然区域 Natural area
马兰 Aster indicus	0.44±0.28	4.65±0.22	整体村域 Total area
	0.45±0.31	4.36±0.26	人工区域 Artificial area
	0.41±0.22	2.20±0.12	自然区域 Natural area
野菊 Chrysanthemum indicum	0.32±0.05	5.13±0.02	整体村域 Total area
	0.31±0.05	4.78±0.02	人工区域 Artificial area
	0.30±0.09	2.94±0.04	自然区域 Natural area
蓬蘽 Rubus hirsutus	0.33±0.07	5.70±0.04	整体村域 Total area
	0.31±0.05	5.25±0.03	人工区域 Artificial area
	0.37±0.14	3.81±0.07	自然区域 Natural area

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 不同乡村区域的乡土景观植物等位基因数和有效等位基因数

Table 2. Number of alleles and effective number of alleles of rural landscape plants in different rural areas

物种名 Species name	整体村域 Total area		人工区域 Artificial area		自然区域 Natural area
物种名 Species name	等位基因数 Number of alleles	有效等位基因数 Number of effective alleles	等位基因数 Number of alleles	有效等位基因数 Number of effective alleles	等位基因数 Number of alleles	有效等位基因数 Number of effective alleles
枫香 Liquidambar formosana	2.00±0.00	1.64±0.29	1.80±0.38	1.55±0.28	1.80±0.00	1.57±0.33
福建青冈 Quercus chungii	2.00±0.00	1.63±0.12	2.00±0.00	1.64±0.12	1.45±0.31	1.32±0.23
青冈 Quercus glauca	1.98±0.07	1.33±0.20	1.68±0.37	1.33±0.23	1.98±0.07	1.34±0.20
榉树 Zelkova serrata	1.92±0.11	1.48±0.13	1.92±0.11	1.47±0.12	1.59±0.25	1.39±0.20
香椿 Toona sinensis	2.00±0.00	1.63±0.11	2.00±0.00	1.61±0.11	1.80±0.38	1.45±0.23
马兰 Aster indicus	2.00±0.00	1.35±0.10	1.80±0.38	1.35±0.13	1.90±0.30	1.30±0.13
野菊 Chrysanthemum indicum	2.00±0.00	1.38±0.15	1.90±0.29	1.38±0.14	1.80±0.38	1.37±0.23
蓬蘽 Rubus hirsutus	1.95±0.00	1.52±0.17	1.93±0.15	1.50±0.16	1.65±0.22	1.37±0.16

下载: 导出CSV

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