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生态旅游型乡村的乡土景观植物遗传多样性

冯致 姚志 孙全 李萌 吴秀忠 陈大华 蒋龙 范开放 唐建路 李锴 米小琴 于咏 王义强

冯致, 姚志, 孙全, 李萌, 吴秀忠, 陈大华, 蒋龙, 范开放, 唐建路, 李锴, 米小琴, 于咏, 王义强. 生态旅游型乡村的乡土景观植物遗传多样性[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2023, 31(12): 1−13 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230326
引用本文: 冯致, 姚志, 孙全, 李萌, 吴秀忠, 陈大华, 蒋龙, 范开放, 唐建路, 李锴, 米小琴, 于咏, 王义强. 生态旅游型乡村的乡土景观植物遗传多样性[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2023, 31(12): 1−13 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230326
FENG Z, YAO Z, SUN Q, LI M, WU X Z, CHEN D H, JIANG L, FAN K F, TANG J L, LI K, MI X Q, YU Y, WANG Y Q. Plant genetic diversity of ecotourism rural landscape[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2023, 31(12): 1−13 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230326
Citation: FENG Z, YAO Z, SUN Q, LI M, WU X Z, CHEN D H, JIANG L, FAN K F, TANG J L, LI K, MI X Q, YU Y, WANG Y Q. Plant genetic diversity of ecotourism rural landscape[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2023, 31(12): 1−13 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230326

生态旅游型乡村的乡土景观植物遗传多样性

doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230326
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(32171842)、国家重点研发项目(2019YFD11004031)和中南林业科技大学创新课题(90102-63223068)资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    冯致, 主要研究方向为生物化学与分子生物学。E-mail: biotechnologyfeng@163.com

    通讯作者:

    王义强, 主要研究方向为生物多样性研究。E-mail: wangyiqiang12@163.com

  • 中图分类号: Q14; S7

Plant genetic diversity of ecotourism rural landscape

Funds: The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32171842), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2019YFD11004031), and the Innovation Project of Central South University of Forestry and Technology (90102-63223068).
More Information
  • 摘要: 乡村景观植物是生态旅游型乡村营建中的关键因素, 研究乡村景观植物遗传多样性, 揭示其群体内遗传变异的丰富度和遗传结构的稳定性, 为乡村生态景观营建和生物多样性维护提供重要理论依据, 对美丽乡村建设具有重要意义。本文以两个生态旅游型乡村为研究对象, 选取了8个乡土景观物种, 采集了整体村域的植物样品, 对表型性状进行了测量并开展了ISSR-PCR试验: 通过表型性状和分子标记遗传多样性检测分析, 计算植物表型Shannon指数和Nei’s基因多样性指数等, 揭示乡土景观植物在不同区域的遗传多样性水平。研究结果表明: 基于表型性状聚类分析划分出5类枫香、6类福建青冈、4类青冈、16类榉树、7类香椿、10类马兰、5类野菊和6类蓬蘽的品系资源。8个乡土景观植物的表型变异系数为0.23~0.58, Shannon指数为1.51~6.74。8种植物在整体村域、人工区域和自然区域的Nei’s基因多样性指数分别为0.240~0.536、0.244~0.540和0.193~0.367, 多态性位点百分率范围为45.00%~100.00%, 等位基因数范围为1.45~2.00, 有效等位基因数范围为1.30~1.64。讨论分析表明, 8个乡土景观植物的表型(Shannon指数)和分子(Nei’s基因多样性指数)遗传多样性水平总体高于多种景观植物的平均水平, 遗传变异丰富; 部分乡土植物总体遗传多样性高, 但自然区域和人工区域的遗传多样性水平有所差异。在乡村景观建设中应关注乡土景观植物群体的遗传多样性水平的变化, 采取相应措施提高群体的遗传多态性和基因分布均匀度, 维护乡土景观植物遗传多样性水平, 保证乡村生态景观的稳定性和长效性。
  • 图  1  乡土景观植物的品系资源

    A: 枫香; B: 福建青冈; C: 青冈; D: 榉树; E: 香椿; F: 马兰; G: 野菊; H: 蓬蘽. A: Liquidambar formosana; B: Quercus chungii; C: Quercus glauca; D: Zelkova serrata; E: Toona sinensis; F: Aster indicus; G: Chrysanthemum indicum; H: Rubus hirsutus.

    Figure  1.  Strain resources for rural landscape plants

    图  2  不同乡村区域的乡土景观植物Nei’s基因多样性指数(He)

    *表示人工区域与自然区域间差异显著(P<0.05)。* indicates significant differences between artificial area and natural area at P<0.05 level. Lf: Liquidambar formosana; Qc: Quercus chungii; Qg: Quercus glauca; Zs: Zelkova serrata; Ts: Toona sinensis; Ai: Aster indicus; Ci: Chrysanthemum indicum; Rh: Rubus hirsutus.

    Figure  2.  Nei’s genetic diversity indexes (He) of rural landscape plants in different rural areas

    图  3  不同乡村区域的乡土景观植物多态性位点百分率(PPL)

    *表示人工区域与自然区域间差异显著(P<0.05)。* indicates significant differences between artificial area and natural area at P<0.05 level. Lf: Liquidambar formosana; Qc: Quercus chungii; Qg: Quercus glauca; Zs: Zelkova serrata; Ts: Toona sinensis; Ai: Aster indicus; Ci: Chrysanthemum indicum; Rh: Rubus hirsutus.

    Figure  3.  Percentages of polymorphic loci (PPL) of rural landscape plants in different rural areas

    图  4  不同乡村区域的乡土景观植物等位基因均匀分布程度[有效等位基因数量(Ne)与等位基因数(Na)差异水平(Ne/Na)]

    Lf: Liquidambar formosana; Qc: Quercus chungii; Qg: Quercus glauca; Zs: Zelkova serrata; Ts: Toona sinensis; Ai: Aster indicus; Ci: Chrysanthemum indicum; Rh: Rubus hirsutus.

    Figure  4.  Degree of uniform distribution of allelles [ratio of number of effective alleles (Ne) to number of alleles (Na), Ne/Na] of rural landscape plants in different rural areas

    表  1  乡土景观植物在不同乡村区域的表型变异系数和多样性指数

    Table  1.   Phenotypic variation coefficients and Shannon indexes of rural landscape plants in different rural areas

    物种名
    Species name
    变异系数
    Variable coefficient
    Shannon指数
    Shannon index
    区域
    Area
    枫香
    Liquidambar formosana
    0.58±0.076.74±0.06整体村域 Total area
    0.54±0.194.96±0.16人工区域 Artificial area
    0.41±0.155.92±0.10自然区域 Natural area
    福建青冈
    Quercus chungii
    0.36±0.126.38±0.05整体村域 Total area
    0.23±0.112.28±0.03人工区域 Artificial area
    0.36±0.116.30±0.05自然区域 Natural area
    青冈
    Quercus glauca
    0.28±0.095.67±0.03整体村域 Total area
    0.24±0.113.65±0.03人工区域 Artificial area
    0.28±0.085.30±0.03自然区域 Natural area
    榉树
    Zelkova serrata
    0.29±0.095.15±0.03整体村域 Total area
    0.28±0.074.90±0.02人工区域 Artificial area
    0.32±0.202.50±0.09自然区域 Natural area
    香椿
    Toona sinensis
    0.28±0.055.03±0.02整体村域 Total area
    0.27±0.054.90±0.02人工区域 Artificial area
    0.30±0.241.51±0.11自然区域 Natural area
    马兰
    Aster indicus
    0.44±0.284.65±0.22整体村域 Total area
    0.45±0.314.36±0.26人工区域 Artificial area
    0.41±0.222.20±0.12自然区域 Natural area
    野菊
    Chrysanthemum indicum
    0.32±0.055.13±0.02整体村域 Total area
    0.31±0.054.78±0.02人工区域 Artificial area
    0.30±0.092.94±0.04自然区域 Natural area
    蓬蘽
    Rubus hirsutus
    0.33±0.075.70±0.04整体村域 Total area
    0.31±0.055.25±0.03人工区域 Artificial area
    0.37±0.143.81±0.07自然区域 Natural area
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同乡村区域的乡土景观植物等位基因数和有效等位基因数

    Table  2.   Number of alleles and effective number of alleles of rural landscape plants in different rural areas

    物种名
    Species name
    整体村域 Total area人工区域 Artificial area自然区域 Natural area
    等位基因数
    Number of
    alleles
    有效等位基因数
    Number
    of effective alleles
    等位基因数
    Number of
    alleles
    有效等位基因数
    Number
    of effective alleles
    等位基因数
    Number of
    alleles
    有效等位基因数
    Number
    of effective alleles
    枫香
    Liquidambar formosana
    2.00±0.001.64±0.291.80±0.381.55±0.281.80±0.001.57±0.33
    福建青冈
    Quercus chungii
    2.00±0.001.63±0.122.00±0.001.64±0.121.45±0.311.32±0.23
    青冈
    Quercus glauca
    1.98±0.071.33±0.201.68±0.371.33±0.231.98±0.071.34±0.20
    榉树
    Zelkova serrata
    1.92±0.111.48±0.131.92±0.111.47±0.121.59±0.251.39±0.20
    香椿
    Toona sinensis
    2.00±0.001.63±0.112.00±0.001.61±0.111.80±0.381.45±0.23
    马兰
    Aster indicus
    2.00±0.001.35±0.101.80±0.381.35±0.131.90±0.301.30±0.13
    野菊
    Chrysanthemum indicum
    2.00±0.001.38±0.151.90±0.291.38±0.141.80±0.381.37±0.23
    蓬蘽
    Rubus hirsutus
    1.95±0.001.52±0.171.93±0.151.50±0.161.65±0.221.37±0.16
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2023-06-12
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