氮磷钾肥配施对薏苡不同部位籽粒灌浆结实特性的影响

刘敏; 曾涛; 魏盛; 付敬锋; 程乙; 刘代铃; 宋碧

doi:10.12357/cjea.20230334

氮磷钾肥配施对薏苡不同部位籽粒灌浆结实特性的影响

doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230334

刘敏^{1, 2,},
曾涛¹,
魏盛¹,
付敬锋¹,
程乙^{1, 3},
刘代铃^{1, 4},
宋碧^{1, 2, 3, ,}

1.
贵州大学农学院　贵阳　550025
2.
贵州省药用植物繁育与种植重点实验室　贵阳　550025
3.
贵州省粮油作物分子育种重点实验室　贵阳　550025
4.
贵州省高等学校功能农业重点实验室　贵阳　550025

详细信息

作者简介:
刘敏，研究方向为作物高产理论与技术。E-mail: 947119587@qq.com

通讯作者:
宋碧, 主要研究方向为作物高产理论与技术。E-mail: sb6264@126.com

中图分类号: S519; S143.5
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-06-16
- 录用日期: 2023-10-08
- 修回日期: 2023-10-18
- 网络出版日期: 2023-11-01

Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on the characteristics of grain filling and fruiting in different parts of Coix lacryma-jobi L.

LIU Min^{1, 2
,},
ZENG Tao¹,
WEI Sheng¹,
FU Jingfeng¹,
CHENG Yi^{1, 3},
LIU Dailing^{1, 4},
SONG Bi^{1, 2, 3
, ,}

1.
College of Agriculture, GuiZhou University, Guizhou 550025, China
2.
Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation on Medicinal Plants, Guizhou 550025, China
3.
Key Laboratory of Molecular Breeding for Grain and Oil Crops in Guizhou Province, Guizhou 550025, China
4.
Key Laboratory of Functional Agriculture of Guizhou Provincial Higher Education Institutions, Guizhou 550025, China

Funds: The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32160516), Guizhou Science and Technology Program (Qiankehe Support [2021] General 270), the Science and Technology Innovation Talent Team for Research on Cultivation and Physiology and Ecology of Special Cereal and Oil Crops in Guizhou Province (Qiankehe Platform Talent Project [2019] 5613), Guizhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Breeding of Cereal and Oil Crops Project (Qianke Hezhong Cited Land [2023] 008) and the Key Laboratory Project of Functional Agriculture in Guizhou Higher Education Institutions (Guizhou Education and Technology [2023] 007).

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail: sb6264@126.com

摘要

摘要: 探明氮、磷、钾肥不同配比对薏苡不同部位籽粒灌浆结实特性的影响, 为薏苡高效施肥技术模式提供理论和技术支持。以‘贵薏1号’为材料, 采用“3414”设计, 应用Richards方程对不同氮磷钾肥配施对薏苡5个部位籽粒的灌浆过程的影响进行了研究。结果表明:1)施用氮磷钾肥可改善薏苡上、中、下1、下2和下3部位籽粒灌浆速率达到最大时需要的天数、灌浆速率达到最大值的粒重、平均灌浆速率、最大灌浆速率, 延长籽粒活跃灌浆期, 进而提高薏苡结实特性。2)氮磷钾肥配施显著提高薏苡中部和下1部粒重, 在单因素肥效间表现为N>K>P, 在双因素肥效互作间表现为PK>NP>NK, 但过量施用氮磷钾肥会使粒重有所下降, 结实特性显著降低。3)相关性分析表明, 上、中、下1、下2和下3部位籽粒的千粒重与籽粒结实率、充实度、平均灌浆速率和最大灌浆速率呈正相关。4)拟合肥料与薏苡千粒重效应函数方程, 得出薏苡N、P₂O₅、K₂O的最优推荐施肥范围分别为135.51~270.99 kg∙hm⁻²、75.00~150.50 kg∙hm⁻²、56.25~112.51 kg∙hm⁻²。氮磷钾肥配显著影响薏苡不同部位籽粒灌浆结实特性, 适当比例的氮磷钾肥配合施用既可以显著促进籽粒灌浆、缩小部位间差异, 又可以提高结实率和粒重。在薏苡生产中, 氮肥对薏苡籽粒灌浆结实特性影响最大, 钾肥次之, 磷肥影响最小。
- 氮磷钾配施 /
- 薏苡 /
- 籽粒部位 /
- 灌浆结实特性
Abstract: The development of spike traits in graminaceous plants is unbalanced, and so is that of Coix lacryma-jobi L. Due to the sequential order of glume differentiation , the process of grouting and development between grains in different parts of the plant are not synchronised, which ultimately leads to inconsistency in maturity, and the differences between the strong and weak grains are highlighted with the increase in the number of secondary pedicels, thus limiting the further exploitation of the yield potential of Coix lacryma-jobi L.. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer rationing is an effective way to narrow the differences in grouting firming characteristics between seed parts, through comparing the effects of different N, P and K fertilizers on the dynamics of grain weight gain in different parts of Coix lacryma-jobi L., the parameters of the grouting characteristics, the fruiting characteristics and the effect of fertilizers, and to explore the optimal fertilization of Coix lacryma-jobi L. to provide theoretical and technical support for the model of Coix lacryma-jobi L.’s high-efficiency fertilization technology. Taking ‘Guiyi No.1’ as the material, Richards’ equation was applied to study the grouting process of grains in five parts of Coix lacryma-jobi L. under different nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P) and potassium(K) fertilisers in ‘3414’ design. The results showed that 1) the application of N, P and K fertilizers could improve the number of days required to reach the maximum grouting rat of grains in the upper, middle, basal 1, basal 2 and basal 3 parts of Coix lacryma-jobi L., the grain weight at maximum grouting rate, the average grouting rate, the maximum seed filling rate, and the prolongation of the active seed filling period of grains, which would in turn improve the characteristics of Coix lacryma-jobi L. fruiting. 2) N, P and K fertilisers significantly increased the grain weight in the middle and basal parts of Coix lacryma-jobi L., with N>K>P among single-factor fertiliser effects, and PK>NP>NK among two-factor fertiliser interactions, but excessive application of N, P and K fertilisers decreased the grain weight, and the fruiting characteristics were significantly reduced. 3) Correlation analyses showed that the thousand-grain weights of grains in the upper, middle, basal 1, basal 2 and basal 3 parts of the plant were positively correlated with grain firmness, fullness, average grouting rate and maximum seed filling rate. 4) Fitting the equation of the effect of fertiliser on thousand-grain weight of Coix lacryma-jobi L., the optimal recommended fertiliser application ranges for it were 135.51~270.99 kg·hm⁻², 75.00−150.50 kg·hm⁻², and 56.25−112.51 kg·hm⁻², for N, P₂O₅ and K₂O, respectively. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilisers significantly affect different parts of Coix lacryma-jobi L. grain filling and fruiting characteristics, and the appropriate proportion not only can significantly promote grain filling and reduce the differences between parts, but also can improve the fruiting rate and grain weight. In the production of Coix lacryma-jobi L., nitrogen fertiliser has the greatest influence on the grain filling and fruiting characteristics of Coix lacryma-jobi L., potassium fertiliser is the second largest, and phosphorus fertiliser has the smallest influence.
- Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium rationing /
- Coix lacryma-jobi L. /
- Grain parts /
- Grain filling and setting characteristics

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图 1 薏苡不同部位籽粒划分

Figure 1. Seed division in different parts of Coix lacryma-jobi L.

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图 2 不同部位籽粒结实特性、灌浆参数

红色代表正相关, 蓝色代表负相关。R²: 决定系数; R₀: 灌浆起始势; T_max: 灌浆速率达到最大时需要的天数; W_max: 灌浆速率达到最大值的粒重; V_a: 平均灌浆速率; V_max: 籽粒最大灌浆速率; D: 籽粒活跃灌浆期。Red represents positive correlation, blue represents negative correlation. R²: ecision factor; R₀: grouting starting potential; T_max: number of days required to reach maximum grouting rate; W_max: grain weight at maximum grouting rate; V_a: average grouting rate; V_max: maximum seed filling rate; D: active seed filling period.

Figure 2. Seed set characteristics, filling parameters in different parts

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图 3 氮、磷、钾交互作用分析

Figure 3. Analysis of the interaction of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium

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表 1 试验地耕层(0~25 cm)土壤基础肥力

Table 1. Basal soil fertility in the tillage layer (0−25 cm) of the test sites

地点 Place	pH	有机质 Organic matter (g·kg⁻¹)	全氮 Total N (g·kg⁻¹)	全磷 Total P (g·kg⁻¹)	全钾 Total K (g·kg⁻¹)	碱解氮 Alkali-hydrolysis N (mg·kg⁻¹)	速效磷 Available P (mg·kg⁻¹)	速效钾 Available K (mg·kg⁻¹)
下山镇 Xiashan Town	5.1	33.9	3.0	1.3	14.1	152.9	10.4	240.0
屯脚镇 Tunjiao Town	6.4	35.9	2.8	1.4	13.9	158.8	14.8	335.0

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表 2 “3414”试验方案和施肥量

Table 2. “3414” trial program and fertilisers application rates

kg·hm⁻²
处理 Treatment	因素组合 Factor combination	N	P₂O₅	K₂O
1	N₀P₀K₀	0	0	0
2	N₀P₂K₂	0	150	225.00
3	N₁P₂K₂	135	150	225.00
4	N₂P₀K₂	270	0	225.00
5	N₂P₁K₂	270	75	225.00
6	N₂P₂K₂	270	150	225.00
7	N₂P₃K₂	270	225	225.00
8	N₂P₂K₀	270	150	0
9	N₂P₂K₁	270	150	112.50
10	N₂P₂K₃	270	150	337.50
11	N₃P₂K₂	405	150	225.00
12	N₁P₁K₂	135	75	225.00
13	N₁P₂K₁	135	150	112.50
14	N₂P₁K₁	270	75	112.50

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表 3 氮磷钾肥配施处理下薏苡不同部位籽粒结实特性

Table 3. Seed-setting characteristics of different parts of Coix lacryma-jobi L. seeds under NPK fertilization treatments

处理 Treatment	结实率 Seed setting rate (%)										充实度 Grain plumpness (%)
	上 Top		中 Middle		下1 Basal 1		下2 Basal 2		下3 Basal 3		上 Top		中 Middle		下1 Basal 1		下2 Basal 2		下3 Basal 3
	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town
1	62.18± 5.35 c	65.93± 6.14 c	67.62± 6.85 c	71.42± 8.22 c	72.75± 4.48 c	72.80± 3.81 c	61.53± 5.91 c	63.47± 7.52 c	51.73± 4.47 c	60.21± 8.73 c	48.07± 3.20 c	56.75± 3.13 c	51.01± 5.99 c	59.57± 24.46 c	57.42± 37.62 c	61.91± 34.26 c	47.23± 4.81 c	55.55± 3.86 c	45.84± 3.45 c	53.11± 2.48 c
2	76.74± 6.94 b	77.89± 9.52 b	77.37± 6.01 b	78.43± 4.66 b	76.23± 3.95 b	79.15± 3.54 b	74.78± 5.22 b	78.37± 5.19 ab	73.25± 6.74 b	74.76± 3.71 b	55.08± 5.90 bc	66.31± 3.41 b	55.66± 1.94 c	66.88± 2.81 b	59.59± 1.56 c	67.83± 2.78 bc	54.72± 5.67 bc	63.08± 5.87 bc	53.32± 3.14 b	65.53± 1.33 b
3	73.50± 4.58 b	78.18± 3.30 b	74.23± 2.87 b	78.88± 2.92 b	79.92± 7.61 b	79.63± 8.07 b	71.16± 6.83 b	76.49± 3.76 b	70.27± 2.08 b	72.26± 6.18 b	62.01± 6.62 b	68.54± 1.35 b	68.26± 7.89 ab	68.94± 6.05 b	68.59± 1.69 b	69.43± 2.93 bc	61.62± 7.20 b	61.03± 5.53 bc	59.47± 3.12 b	60.97± 1.65 b
4	79.74± 9.86 a	82.09± 9.78 b	80.67± 6.45 ab	84.45± 5.26 ab	81.38± 3.15 ab	82.07± 4.18 b	73.92± 4.81 b	75.74± 7.92 b	71.12± 6.87 b	73.02± 6.07 b	68.49± 5.29 ab	71.21± 4.91 b	69.90± 9.88 ab	72.37± 1.14 b	68.82± 1.43 b	76.15± 2.95 b	67.88± 7.95 ab	68.60± 3.84 b	66.08± 9.32 ab	67.82± 2.61 b
5	80.33± 9.39 a	83.12± 3.39 b	81.13± 7.74 a	86.30± 4.28 a	82.03± 5.18 ab	87.32± 3.80 ab	76.05± 5.99 b	77.03± 5.37 b	71.52± 2.57 b	75.96± 2.59 b	62.85± 7.46 b	65.67± 5.90 b	65.62± 2.08 b	66.04± 6.82 b	71.61± 9.00 b	70.35± 7.94 bc	62.30± 2.00 b	64.86± 5.67 b	60.45± 1.84 b	62.09± 5.15 b
6	80.49± 3.00 a	82.19± 3.66 b	81.05± 3.99 a	88.27± 5.37 a	84.07± 6.49 a	89.71± 6.53 a	80.20± 6.47 a	80.08± 3.17 a	78.78± 2.00 a	79.69± 6.09 a	69.70± 3.53 a	82.75± 5.10 a	71.66± 6.88 a	84.76± 1.77 a	73.70± 5.62 ab	85.42± 6.79 a	68.82± 3.75 ab	80.77± 4.24 a	68.66± 3.81 a	79.93± 1.04 a
7	71.02± 7.78 b	81.18± 6.77 b	73.70± 9.21 b	86.05± 6.96 a	81.74± 4.11 ab	86.61± 5.69 ab	70.17± 6.08 b	78.75± 8.43 ab	66.81± 7.27 b	78.33± 2.67 a	64.97± 9.34 b	69.75± 3.76 b	61.93± 5.93 b	76.94± 6.69 b	70.37± 6.18 b	78.03± 5.54 b	63.47± 3.17 b	77.35± 8.05 b	56.23± 1.66 b	80.99± 2.08 a
8	76.75± 2.35 ab	78.53± 8.81 b	79.81± 8.03 b	79.97± 6.53 b	81.12± 5.69 ab	81.58± 7.80 b	68.98± 8.63 b	70.11± 8.88 b	63.99± 8.15 b	65.37± 8.01 bc	60.51± 5.81 b	70.05± 4.44 b	62.02± 7.53 b	71.11± 2.68 b	64.73± 1.58 bc	74.08± 9.97 b	59.51± 3.75 b	68.21± 4.90 b	56.17± 1.00 b	67.89± 7.98 b
9	81.55± 8.38 a	88.32± 3.78 a	82.51± 8.87 a	89.21± 3.32 a	85.12± 4.61 a	91.39± 2.31 a	80.59± 0.50 a	82.41± 3.05 a	79.89± 6.28 a	80.00± 8.85 a	73.47± 1.27 a	83.84± 2.34 a	74.75± 3.83 a	85.90± 5.51 a	76.26± 7.16 a	86.02± 4.37 a	72.98± 1.14 a	82.94± 4.38 a	70.24± 1.09 a	82.91± 5.59 a
10	70.35± 6.67 b	84.07± 4.39 b	74.47± 8.18 b	86.27± 5.59 a	79.67± 7.12 b	87.11± 3.51 ab	69.48± 6.68 b	79.41± 6.56 ab	63.58± 5.30 b	70.62± 9.56 b	65.03± 6.11 b	65.50± 6.71 b	64.23± 5.42 b	68.99± 7.75 b	64.81± 9.64 bc	78.62± 5.97 b	59.38± 8.99 b	62.00± 7.74 bc	50.47± 9.53 bc	64.58± 5.63 b
11	73.41± 9.44 b	78.90± 6.26 b	77.50± 8.68 b	79.20± 5.50 b	78.57± 7.81 b	79.83± 4.44 b	70.22± 8.12 b	73.21± 4.84 b	59.12± 2.97 bc	69.21± 4.66 b	64.81± 1.47 b	65.03± 7.68 b	65.96± 4.31 b	66.57± 8.80 b	66.22± 2.36 b	68.15± 2.37 bc	54.85± 3.54 bc	65.01± 5.78 b	42.77± 2.72 c	60.76± 5.81 b
12	75.53± 4.42 b	84.02± 9.19 b	80.17± 5.98 ab	84.46± 4.34 ab	80.74± 6.14 ab	86.02± 7.83 ab	74.15± 3.64 b	78.63± 6.43 ab	62.71± 6.84 b	68.82± 6.40 b	62.17± 2.34 b	63.72± 1.14 b	66.24± 5.13 b	70.13± 3.14 b	67.96± 9.60 b	77.47± 2.10 b	58.39± 9.70 b	62.97± 5.44 bc	45.38± 3.66 c	58.92± 3.72 b
13	75.00± 3.96 b	79.10± 5.23 b	77.69± 8.59 b	86.64± 8.88 a	81.70± 7.64 ab	87.17± 3.08 ab	74.74± 5.92 b	71.26± 5.38 b	71.60± 4.36 b	68.10± 2.12 b	65.53± 3.93 b	67.23± 1.13 b	71.23± 4.18 a	71.57± 3.51 b	71.82± 2.68 b	80.03± 4.43 ab	62.42± 5.26 b	62.28± 7.68 bc	58.83± 2.68 b	61.32± 6.61 b
14	73.58± 5.43 b	78.09± 6.42 b	80.67± 2.45 ab	84.89± 4.15 ab	80.96± 7.07 ab	89.51± 5.42 a	72.70± 7.17 b	78.00± 4.02 ab	62.67± 8.69 b	70.87± 5.41 b	64.42± 8.83 b	68.25± 6.49 b	65.88± 6.36 b	70.37± 5.88 b	72.87± 6.67 b	83.14± 7.98 a	60.71± 9.30 b	63.96± 9.86 b	49.81± 1.18 c	57.39± 5.87 b
同列不同小写字母表示处理间在P<5%水平差异显著。Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences among treatments at P<5% level.

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续表3
处理 Treatment	千粒重 1000-grain weight (g)										总粒重 Total grain weight (g)
	上 Top		中 Middle		下1 Basal 1		下2 Basal 2		下3 Basal 3		上 Top		中 Middle		下1 Basal 1		下2 Basal 2		下3 Basal 3
	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town
1	61.14± 6.14 c	65.72± 2.53 c	62.32± 4.30 c	66.76± 4.24 c	63.18± 9.70 c	67.54± 5.16 c	60.13± 2.81 c	63.13± 2.12 c	57.60± 3.27 c	62.03± 5.31 c	3.16± 1.30 c	3.64± 1.23 c	3.24± 0.48 c	3.65± 1.27 c	4.74± 3.40 d	5.26± 2.53 c	2.09± 2.05 c	2.23± 1.41 c	0.66± 1.02 c	0.84± 0.61 c
2	65.87± 5.01 bc	67.15± 4.97 c	66.84± 5.21 b	76.46± 2.85 b	67.38± 4.06 b	80.23± 2.00 ab	65.09± 9.50 b	66.81± 6.65 c	61.11± 2.01 b	66.44± 5.88 c	4.18± 2.19 b	4.27± 0.93 bc	4.54± 1.86 b	4.70± 1.04 b	7.53± 1.68 b	7.60± 2.99 b	2.39± 1.92 b	2.39± 0.88 c	1.05± 0.87 bc	1.05± 0.47 c
3	68.27± 1.18 b	72.82± 3.07 b	66.99± 1.98 b	73.49± 5.20 b	69.09± 4.12 b	77.28± 8.50 b	65.8± 7.36 b	71.76± 2.04 b	61.46± 9.65 b	70.62± 5.02 b	4.23± 1.57 b	4.57± 0.51 b	5.11± 1.27 ab	5.23± 1.26 b	6.00± 4.05 c	6.56± 1.05 b	3.39± 2.61 b	3.59± 0.50 b	1.31± 1.12 b	1.47± 0.42 bc
4	71.21± 2.48 b	72.97± 4.00 b	72.50± 4.80 ab	73.36± 7.76 b	74.35± 7.01 ab	74.18± 7.20 b	71.06± 8.70 ab	72.47± 8.00 b	70.75± 6.16 a	72.07± 3.34 b	4.33± 1.76 b	4.58± 2.11 b	5.48± 0.79 ab	5.70± 2.39 ab	8.24± 1.47 b	8.42± 3.08 ab	3.46± 0.89 b	3.81± 1.86 b	1.20± 0.87 bc	2.04± 1.00 ab
5	71.74± 7.13 b	80.92± 6.47 a	72.10± 0.45 ab	80.96± 2.97 ab	73.89± 2.93 ab	82.38± 5.60 ab	70.81± 7.44 ab	74.87± 8.65 b	70.29± 4.23 a	73.22± 5.96 b	4.33± 2.28 b	4.46± 1.33 b	5.51± 1.50 ab	5.60± 1.43 ab	6.43± 1.86 b	6.89± 1.38 b	2.45± 0.96 b	3.66± 2.41 b	1.04± 1.08 bc	1.68± 1.00 b
6	75.33± 8.28 a	82.52± 4.60 a	77.11± 5.49 a	84.25± 5.04 a	79.04± 2.85 a	84.38± 2.71 ab	74.25± 4.31 a	81.03± 8.66 a	72.09± 8.38 a	80.31± 9.41 a	5.39± 1.02 a	5.59± 1.98 ab	5.76± 1.65 ab	5.69± 1.62 ab	9.59± 3.59 a	9.43± 3.18 a	3.47± 0.75 b	4.25± 0.3 ab	1.77± 0.88 b	2.14± 0.70 ab
7	64.43± 3.79 bc	73.14± 4.81 b	65.50± 1.42 c	73.46± 5.29 b	68.58± 6.64 b	74.85± 7.95 b	61.66± 5.88 bc	72.45± 3.54 b	58.76± 2.59 c	71.55± 6.35 b	5.06± 1.38 ab	5.46± 1.86 ab	4.77± 0.42 b	5.06± 1.25 b	8.72± 2.17 ab	8.94± 1.89 ab	2.15± 1.13 c	3.54± 0.74 b	1.27± 0.82 b	1.51± 0.40 b
8	68.24± 2.53 b	72.83± 3.51 b	69.65± 5.34 b	73.63± 7.29 b	69.96± 3.36 b	74.15± 9.52 b	66.24± 6.51 b	71.61± 4.58 b	61.92± 3.15 b	70.94± 9.07 b	4.29± 2.35 b	4.48± 3.07 b	4.93± 1.45 b	4.95± 1.80 b	8.14± 0.64 b	8.36± 1.78 ab	2.70± 1.81 bc	2.80± 1.59 bc	1.12± 0.82 bc	1.33± 0.95 bc
9	76.50± 6.71 a	82.65± 6.96 a	77.58± 3.44 a	85.55± 4.75 a	78.05± 7.88 a	87.08± 6.86 a	75.76± 9.26 a	82.53± 9.80 a	74.79± 7.99 a	81.74± 2.18 a	5.95± 1.53 a	6.19± 1.01 a	6.27± 2.27 a	6.47± 1.10 a	10.13± 3.30 a	10.39± 4.40 a	3.96± 1.82 a	4.55± 1.35 a	2.37± 1.24 a	2.69± 1.46 a
10	75.05± 3.60 a	76.29± 5.03 b	75.83± 9.13 a	77.29± 8.31 b	76.75± 4.9 a	78.25± 5.35 b	70.19± 3.76 ab	75.42± 6.43 b	68.35± 6.27 b	72.54± 5.30 b	4.17± 0.6 b	4.46± 0.78 b	4.74± 1.38 b	4.77± 1.25 b	7.83± 1.34 b	8.30± 2.73 ab	3.37± 2.11 b	4.08± 2.91 ab	1.45± 0.53 b	2.02± 0.75 ab
11	76.14± 6.75 a	76.97± 7.94 b	77.25± 6.94 a	78.29± 5.27 b	78.46± 7.56 a	79.42± 9.81 b	73.73± 9.74 a	76.09± 5.99 ab	71.06± 7.34 a	74.97± 4.55 b	4.43± 1.14 b	4.45± 1.66 b	4.65± 1.03 b	4.71± 2.04 b	7.52± 2.40 b	7.58± 3.76 b	3.29± 0.46 b	3.17± 1.01 b	1.00± 0.36 c	1.15± 0.41 bc
12	67.66± 3.14 b	73.03± 4.03 b	68.25± 1.56 b	73.58± 5.56 b	73.97± 5.03 ab	75.13± 5.00 b	67.38± 6.36 b	72.36± 5.07 b	67.14± 8.20 b	71.10± 6.85 b	3.85± 1.94 bc	3.98± 1.38 bc	4.32± 1.16 b	4.37± 1.37 b	6.55± 2.20 bc	6.63± 2.92 b	2.13± 1.23 c	2.92± 1.07 b	1.17± 0.88 bc	1.18± 0.66 bc
13	68.47± 8.72 b	77.57± 6.21 b	70.58± 3.46 b	77.66± 9.04 b	76.49± 5.06 a	78.11± 3.28 b	65.50± 8.96 b	76.59± 5.58 ab	64.96± 9.13 b	66.54± 7.20 c	4.07± 2.3 bc	4.09± 1.53 bc	4.96± 0.65 b	5.17± 1.72 b	7.22± 0.96 b	8.37± 1.57 b	2.94± 0.63 bc	3.76± 1.73 b	1.30± 0.66 b	1.21± 0.37 bc
14	72.08± 8.46 b	74.98± 4.32 b	73.36± 5.67 ab	75.93± 4.85 b	75.37± 5.32 ab	76.28± 8.50 b	67.36± 7.93 b	72.21± 6.44 b	66.83± 7.62 b	71.37± 7.20 b	4.04± 0.73 bc	4.26± 0.71 bc	4.64± 0.37 b	5.16± 0.60 b	7.12± 1.84 b	7.72± 2.01 b	2.45± 0.30 b	3.55± 2.11 b	1.33± 0.41 b	0.93± 0.30 c
同列不同小写字母表示处理间在P<5%水平差异显著。Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences among treatments at P<5% level.

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表 4 氮磷钾肥配施处理下薏苡不同部位籽粒结实特性方差分析

Table 4. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for seed-setting characteristics of different parts of Coix lacryma-jobi L. seeds under NPK fertilization treatments

变异来源 Source of variation	结实率 Seed setting rate	充实度 Grain plumpness	千粒重 1000-grain weight	总粒重 Total grain weight
处理 Treatment	9.75^**	550.47^**	639.01^**	1203.11^**
地点 Site	0.71	643.11	130.95	365.86
部位 Part	565.36^**	930.74^**	398.31^**	418.75^**
处理×地点 Treatment × site	11.97	398.30	11.97	660.39
处理×部位 Treatment × part	1.88	149.15	58.13	122.05
地点×部位 Site × part	2.16	495.51	382.88	430.85
处理×地点×部位 Treatment × site × part	2.17	95.28	77.11	160.82
: P<0.01; ns—差异不显著, 下同。-P<0.01; ns-Non-significant difference, same below.

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表 5 不同施肥处理的薏苡不同部位籽粒灌浆特征参数

Table 5. Characteristics of seed filling parameters of different parts of Coix lacryma-jobi L. seeds with different fertilization treatments

处理 Treatment	部位 Part	生长曲线方程 Growth curve equation		R²		R₀		T_max (d)		W_max (mg)		V_a (mg·d⁻¹)		V_max (mg·d⁻¹)		D (d)
处理 Treatment	部位 Part	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town
1	上 Up	W=70.21/(1+2102e^−0.21t)^1/7.26	W=68.05/(1+1053e^−0.19t)^1/5.17	0.9884	0.9801	0.02	0.03	26.42	27.94	48.50	45.69	0.81	0.95	1.36	1.56	76.40	65.47
	中 Middle	W=74.12/(1+1384e^−0.18t)^1/6.48	W=70.86/(1+880e^−0.17t)^1/4.75	0.9821	0.9880	0.02	0.03	29.77	27.61	47.34	47.81	0.79	0.95	1.31	1.54	74.11	69.14
	下1 Basal 1	W=73.67/(1+316e^−0.15t)^1/4.64	W=69.74/(1+487e^−0.17t)^1/3.94	0.9783	0.9692	0.02	0.03	26.67	26.20	48.75	48.84	0.88	1.05	1.42	1.68	73.95	66.96
	下2 Basal 2	W=74.14/(1+52e^−0.10t)^1/2.88	W=64.65/(1+191e^−0.10t)^1/3.20	0.9799	0.8501	0.02	0.03	26.96	27.67	42.31	42.70	0.82	0.93	1.28	1.46	70.78	60.64
	下3 Basal 3	W=69.92/(1+171e^−0.14t)^1/3.04	W=62.32/(1+209e^−0.13t)^1/2.71	0.9704	0.9757	0.02	0.04	28.20	28.06	41.17	41.58	0.88	1.07	1.22	1.48	70.46	57.31
2	上 Up	W=81.28/(1+26e^−0.10t)^1/2.41	W=81.14/(1+24e^−0.10t)^1/1.84	0.9771	0.9892	0.03	0.06	22.60	24.93	48.90	46.06	0.98	1.09	1.52	1.67	83.16	74.64
	中 Middle	W=77.28/(1+793e^−0.17t)^1/5.06	W=78.16/(1+474e^−0.15t)^1/3.60	0.9835	0.9924	0.04	0.04	29.50	30.71	54.14	51.16	0.94	1.11	1.53	1.77	82.41	70.45
	下1 Basal 1	W=85.17/(1+120e^−0.11t)^1/3.50	W=82.69/(1+442e^−0.15t)^1/3.63	0.9726	0.9930	0.03	0.04	29.53	31.13	55.43	54.23	0.93	1.13	1.47	1.81	91.86	73.04
	下2 Basal 2	W=78.53/(1+127e^−0.13t)^1/3.01	W=78.53/(1+33e^−0.10t)^1/1.75	0.9618	0.9864	0.03	0.06	28.72	28.95	49.54	45.94	1.02	1.11	1.61	1.70	77.08	73.68
	下3 Basal 3	W=79.61/(1+73e^−0.11t)^1/2.29	W=134.35/(1+7e^−0.05t)^1/0.83	0.9859	0.9908	0.04	0.06	29.95	43.44	47.34	64.87	1.07	1.20	1.66	1.79	74.22	112.31
3	上 Up	W=70.73/(1+4320e^−0.22t)^1/6.34	W=72.05/(1+12490e^−0.34t)^1/10.39	0.9860	0.9942	0.05	0.05	29.17	33.91	51.66	57.02	0.95	1.00	1.57	1.73	74.60	71.87
	中 Middle	W=71.90/(1+5744e^−0.21t)^1/5.69	W=76.67/(1+552e^−0.16t)^1/3.58	0.9948	0.9801	0.04	0.05	31.58	30.99	51.50	50.15	1.02	1.12	1.68	1.78	70.33	68.77
	下1 Basal 1	W=69.75/(1+258e^−0.15t)^1/3.43	W=75.14/(1+54e^−0.11t)^1/2.16	0.9888	0.9452	0.04	0.05	28.56	27.76	45.21	44.12	0.97	1.05	1.54	1.62	71.84	71.48
	下2 Basal 2	W=67.82/(1+3464482e^−0.36t)^1/9.04	W=71.95/(1+8697e^−0.38t)^1/8.53	0.9970	0.9876	0.04	0.05	35.43	35.66	52.55	55.25	1.11	1.32	1.90	2.25	60.89	54.34
	下3 Basal 3	W=68.58/(1+493777e^−0.32t)^1/6.81	W=73.12/(1+6113e^−0.37t)^1/8.07	0.9924	0.9805	0.04	0.05	34.81	36.57	50.72	55.65	1.25	1.34	2.09	2.27	54.87	54.45
4	上 Up	W=74.00/(1+339e^−0.16t)^1/3.82	W=76.45/(1+118e^−0.13t)^1/2.74	0.9740	0.9884	0.05	0.05	27.74	27.02	49.04	47.26	1.03	1.12	1.64	1.76	72.05	68.13
	中 Middle	W=75.50/(1+164e^−0.12t)^1/3.30	W=87.29/(1+55e^−0.10t)^1/2.08	0.9777	0.9771	0.04	0.05	31.04	32.56	48.54	50.84	0.90	1.08	1.42	1.67	84.20	80.76
	下1 Basal 1	W=69.93/(1+178e^−0.15t)^1/2.98	W=75.41/(1+41e^−0.11t)^1/1.47	0.9759	0.9859	0.04	0.07	27.06	26.49	44.02	42.28	1.06	1.20	1.67	1.84	65.99	62.79
	下2 Basal 2	W=66.65/(1+530e^−0.16t)^1/3.62	W=66.97/(1+636e^−0.18t)^1/3.09	0.9588	0.9884	0.05	0.06	29.51	28.27	43.68	42.46	1.00	1.24	1.60	1.96	66.55	54.01
	下3 Basal 3	W=70.04/(1+3858e^−0.18t)^1/4.58	W=152.0/(1+4e^−0.04t)^1/0.55	0.9704	0.9894	0.05	0.07	35.46	48.05	48.14	68.96	1.01	1.24	1.64	1.84	69.38	123.17
5	上 Up	W=105/(1+3e^−0.04t)^1/0.91	W=86.72/(1+59e^−0.10t)^1/2.41	0.9748	0.9819	0.04	0.04	27.51	31.88	51.68	52.15	0.89	1.29	1.33	1.53	118.11	87.95
	中 Middle	W=135/(1+3e^−0.03t)^1/0.65	W=162.15/(1+6e^−0.04t)^1/0.87	0.9679	0.9976	0.05	0.05	39.19	50.12	62.88	79.11	0.89	1.15	1.32	1.73	102.91	80.42
	下1 Basal 1	W=86.03/(1+4e^−0.06t)^1/1.06	W=73.16/(1+6097e^−0.20t)^1/5.34	0.9608	0.9874	0.05	0.04	23.55	33.57	43.52	51.79	0.87	1.04	1.30	1.71	99.40	70.09
	下2 Basal 2	W=72.44/(1+84e^−0.13t)^1/2.57	W=70.27/(1+77246e^−0.27t)^1/6.24	0.9841	0.9904	0.06	0.04	26.42	34.30	44.15	51.17	1.05	1.17	1.63	1.94	69.24	59.98
	下3 Basal 3	W=65.43/(1+15024e^−0.23t)^1/5.95	W=63.34/(1+20872e^−0.40t)^1/8.68	0.9910	0.9924	0.05	0.05	33.18	36.28	47.24	48.77	0.97	1.20	1.60	2.04	67.34	52.76
6	上 Up	W=74.03/(1+135e^−0.14t)^1/3.41	W=78.12/(1+202e^−0.14t)^1/3.58	0.9886	0.9892	0.04	0.04	24.99	27.65	47.94	51.09	1.01	1.02	1.60	1.63	73.55	76.55
	中 Middle	W=75.73/(1+510e^−0.15t)^1/4.11	W=71.71/(1+3983e^−0.22t)^1/5.30	0.9962	0.9902	0.04	0.04	30.61	29.71	50.93	50.67	0.98	1.09	1.57	1.79	77.66	85.53
	下1 Basal 1	W=74.74/(1+116e^−0.13t)^1/2.86	W=67.59/(1+194e^−0.15t)^1/3.22	0.9918	0.9946	0.04	0.05	27.72	25.64	46.63	43.24	1.03	1.03	1.61	1.64	72.75	85.37
	下2 Basal 2	W=75.35/(1+48e^−0.11t)^1/1.89	W=80.21/(1+32e^−0.11t)^1/1.36	0.9859	0.9936	0.05	0.08	27.81	28.33	43.02	42.71	1.13	1.34	1.73	2.13	66.88	89.99
	下3 Basal 3	W=71.09/(1+48e^−0.15t)^1/2.91	W=78.05/(1+41.30e^−0.11t)^1/1.36	0.9837	0.9958	0.06	0.08	30.96	30.31	44.51	41.53	1.13	1.31	1.78	1.98	62.72	89.72

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续表5
处理 Treatment	部位 Part	生长曲线方程 Growth curve equation		R²		R₀		T_max (d)		W_max (mg)		V_a (mg·d⁻¹)		V_max (mg·d⁻¹)		D (d)
处理 Treatment	部位 Part	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town
7	上 Up	W=72.92/(1+8916e^−0.25t)^1/6.91	W=73.03/(1+1482e^−0.22t)^1/4.74	0.9843	0.9950	0.05	0.05	28.01	26.07	54.07	50.52	1.05	1.19	1.75	1.94	69.72	61.20
	中 Middle	W=70.55/(1+152e^−0.13t)^1/3.46	W=69.55/(1+86e^−0.13t)^1/2.91	0.9720	0.9835	0.04	0.05	27.39	25.64	45.81	43.54	0.89	0.94	1.42	1.47	79.12	74.20
	下1 Basal 1	W=71.74/(1+1051e^−0.17t)^1/4.65	W=83.66/(1+84e^−0.11t)^1/2.49	0.9944	0.9926	0.04	0.04	30.87	31.47	49.44	50.66	0.95	1.04	1.54	1.63	75.76	80.13
	下2 Basal 2	W=63.53/(1+7199e^−0.22t)^1/5.65	W=65.59/(1+7262e^−0.36t)^1/7.85	0.9665	0.9906	0.04	0.05	31.32	31.33	45.44	49.69	0.95	1.21	1.56	2.05	67.04	54.02
	下3 Basal 3	W=64.84/(1+9115e^−0.21t)^1/5.38	W=68.44/(1+6184e^−0.17t)^1/3.95	0.9936	0.9898	0.04	0.04	33.99	34.09	45.95	45.66	0.96	1.02	1.57	1.64	67.51	67.01
8	上 Up	W=77.51/(1+51e^−0.12t)^1/2.88	W=87.62/(1+78e^−0.10t)^1/2.72	0.9920	0.9936	0.04	0.04	23.90	30.57	48.42	54.08	0.96	1.02	1.50	1.59	80.98	86.05
	中 Middle	W=71.25/(1+1474e^−0.19t)^1/4.81	W=78.11/(1+1171e^−0.18t)^1/3.91	0.9974	0.9906	0.04	0.05	28.74	31.14	49.43	52.01	1.04	1.21	1.69	1.94	68.44	64.63
	下1 Basal 1	W=76.19/(1+63e^−0.11t)^1/2.53	W=83.37/(1+352e^−0.14t)^1/2.94	0.9817	0.9898	0.04	0.05	27.74	33.30	46.32	52.34	0.98	1.21	1.52	1.90	78.14	68.92
	下2 Basal 2	W=85.53/(1+9.31e^−0.07t)^1/1.09	W=81.33/(1+186e^−0.13t)^1/2.32	0.9821	0.9960	0.05	0.06	29.44	32.99	43.53	48.50	1.01	1.25	1.51	1.94	85.11	65.02
	下3 Basal 3	W=86.20/(1+95e^−0.13t)^1/2.04	W=67.15/(1+1659e^−0.13t)^1/3.19	0.9809	0.9876	0.07	0.06	27.70	32.36	37.82	42.88	1.12	1.25	1.53	1.97	58.25	53.82
9	上 Up	W=68.40/(1+6064e^−0.25t)^1/7.50	W=68.24/(1+6064e^−0.25t)^1/7.50	0.9888	0.9862	0.07	0.08	26.71	20.30	51.43	37.74	0.90	1.15	1.52	1.74	75.83	63.17
	中 Middle	W=68.91/(1+25580e^−0.25t)^1/8.83	W=71.17/(1+2343e^−0.30t)^1/8.56	0.9898	0.9769	0.03	0.07	30.82	23.42	53.21	40.21	0.82	1.14	1.40	1.75	83.8	68.23
	下1 Basal 1	W=71.57/(1+376e^−0.17t)^1/4.05	W=69.27/(1+11597e^−0.30t)^1/6.89	0.9847	0.9924	0.03	0.09	26.46	21.67	48.00	37.44	1.01	1.38	1.63	2.10	70.73	57.51
	下2 Basal 2	W=67.07/(1+49034e^−0.26t)^1/7.77	W=68.50/(1+10100e^−0.23t)^1/5.00	0.9874	0.9807	0.04	0.07	32.51	25.32	50.73	40.10	1.23	1.32	1.86	2.05	72.64	59.95
	下3 Basal 3	W=68.30/(1+2766e^−0.21t)^1/4.99	W=69.46/(1+418e^−0.16t)^1/2.9	0.9904	0.9594	0.03	0.10	29.76	27.62	44.92	37.14	1.18	1.17	1.89	1.75	65.88	62.33
10	上 Up	W=74.45/(1+128e^−0.16t)^1/3.30	W=78.1/(1+73e^−0.14t)^1/5.25	0.9803	0.9918	0.04	0.06	22.55	24.27	47.88	47.41	1.14	1.20	1.81	1.87	65.34	65.10
	中 Middle	W=71.13/(1+1453e^−0.21t)^1/5.44	W=75.15/(1+4835e^−0.22t)^1/5.96	0.9847	0.9920	0.05	0.04	26.41	29.93	50.52	54.28	1.01	1.06	1.66	1.74	70.34	71.16
	下1 Basal 1	W=67.61/(1+405725e^−0.37t)^1/8.99	W=68.60/(1+42169e^−0.30t)^1/6.61	0.9946	0.9916	0.04	0.04	28.48	29.59	52.35	50.46	1.16	1.18	1.97	1.96	58.47	58.16
	下2 Basal 2	W=64.11/(1+7360e^−0.26t)^1/5.72	W=67.44/(1+68648e^−0.39t)^1/6.32	0.9928	0.9785	0.04	0.06	27.25	29.83	45.96	49.21	1.09	1.58	1.79	1.87	58.86	42.77
	下3 Basal 3	W=63.17/(1+713e^−0.18t)^1/3.72	W=65.77/(1+2338e^−0.20t)^1/4.01	0.9872	0.9884	0.05	0.05	28.11	31.67	41.65	44.02	1.03	1.10	1.65	1.76	61.30	59.83
11	上 Up	W=76.33/(1+8420713e^−0.25t)^1/6.65	W=73.90/(1+1081e^−0.18t)^1/3.32	0.9938	0.9910	0.05	0.05	28.55	29.16	56.23	53.31	1.10	1.28	1.84	2.12	69.20	57.69
	中 Middle	W=78.59/(1+1957e^−0.20t)^1/5.14	W=84.36/(1+85e^−0.12t)^1/2.33	0.9930	0.9825	0.04	0.05	29.63	29.37	55.22	50.35	1.10	1.19	1.80	1.85	71.27	70.77
	下1 Basal 1	W=78.09/(1+402e^−0.16t)^1/3.90	W=83.20/(1+779e^−0.17t)^1/3.52	0.9829	0.9708	0.04	0.05	27.90	31.95	51.97	54.20	1.10	1.27	1.76	2.03	71.05	65.27
	下2 Basal 2	W=71.37/(1+1839e^−0.22t)^1/4.01	W=71.96/(1+17034e^−0.27t)^1/4.85	0.9878	0.9811	0.04	0.06	26.79	30.22	47.76	49.99	1.16	1.42	1.66	2.11	52.56	50.70
	下3 Basal 3	W=68.65/(1+375e^−0.17t)^1/3.00	W=67.89/(1+795e^−0.18t)^1/3.34	0.9833	0.9845	0.06	0.06	27.21	29.74	43.27	43.74	1.02	1.17	1.62	1.86	56.46	58.01
12	上 Up	W=76.28/(1+39e^−0.10t)^1/2.54	W=73.2/(1+1081e^−0.18t)^1/4.62	0.9841	0.9736	0.06	0.04	25.14	30.57	46.40	50.38	0.92	0.99	1.43	1.60	83.10	74.22
	中 Middle	W=76.28/(1+39e^−0.10t)^1/2.54	W=67.27/(1+25196e^−0.32t)^1/7.37	0.9870	0.9986	0.04	0.04	25.14	32.13	46.40	50.40	0.92	1.17	1.43	1.96	83.10	57.68
	下1 Basal 1	W=70.11/(1+835e^−0.10t)^1/4.23	W=67.78/(1+54136e^−0.35t)^1/7.41	0.9944	0.9870	0.04	0.05	29.51	32.27	47.43	50.86	1.01	1.25	1.62	2.10	69.63	54.25
	下2 Basal 2	W=68.01/(1+1306e^−0.19t)^1/4.08	W=67.82/(1+7897e^−0.24t)^1/4.12	0.9952	0.9876	0.04	0.06	30.06	31.60	45.68	45.61	1.07	1.33	1.72	2.13	63.41	51.13
	下3 Basal 3	W=63.20/(1+49846e^−0.26t)^1/6.40	W=65.76/(1+4286e^−0.21t)^1/3.73	0.9956	0.9930	0.05	0.06	33.77	33.33	46.24	43.35	1.00	1.21	1.66	1.94	63.39	54.20

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续表5
处理 Treatment	部位 Part	生长曲线方程 Growth curve equation		R²		R₀		T_max (d)		W_max (mg)		V_a (mg·d⁻¹)		V_max (mg·d⁻¹)		D (d)
处理 Treatment	部位 Part	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town	屯脚 Tunjiao Town	下山 Xiashan Town
13	上 Up	W=73.82/(1+615e^−0.17t)^1/5.05	W=75.23/(1+574e^−0.21t)^1/3.74	0.9677	0.9859	0.04	0.06	26.69	24.33	51.69	49.61	0.94	1.36	1.54	2.17	78.40	55.43
	中 Middle	W=71.50/(1+1105e^−0.19t)^1/5.00	W=74.39/(1+254e^−0.17t)^1/3.04	0.9631	0.9880	0.04	0.06	28.14	25.42	49.97	46.98	0.98	1.29	1.60	2.03	73.00	57.84
	下1 Basal 1	W=73.70/(1+347e^−0.18t)^1/3.19	W=76.38/(1+337e^−0.20t)^1/2.66	0.9918	0.9912	0.04	0.07	25.41	24.61	47.06	46.89	1.31	1.61	2.07	2.52	56.33	47.31
	下2 Basal 2	W=68.61/(1+4203e^−0.22t)^1/4.86	W=70.39/(1+290e^−0.18t)^1/2.62	0.9966	0.9813	0.06	0.07	29.64	25.87	47.69	43.07	1.14	1.39	1.86	2.17	60.13	50.72
	下3 Basal 3	W=62.46/(1+357e^−0.18t)^1/2.78	W=66.18/(1+90e^−0.14t)^1/2.14	0.9940	0.9966	0.05	0.07	26.14	26.00	38.72	38.77	1.17	1.15	1.90	1.78	51.46	57.46
14	上 Up	W=76.10/(1+14e^−0.09t)^1/1.82	W=71.47/(1+11e^−0.11t)^1/1.31	0.9970	0.9908	0.07	0.04	20.82	29.33	43.06	53.25	0.99	1.08	1.52	1.85	76.94	62.05
	中 Middle	W=70.29/(1+94e^−0.13t)^1/3.21	W=68.20/(1+26e^−0.12t)^1/1.71	0.9978	0.9916	0.05	0.04	24.31	33.01	44.93	54.68	0.94	1.04	1.48	1.77	74.89	62.98
	下1 Basal 1	W=74.69/(1+6e^−0.09t)^1/0.98	W=68.20/(1+36e^−0.15t)^1/1.58	0.9823	0.9886	0.04	0.04	20.14	31.46	37.24	51.34	1.16	1.20	1.74	1.81	64.52	49.37
	下2 Basal 2	W=72.57/(1+242e^−0.14t)^1/3.28	W=67.55/(1+158e^−0.17t)^1/2.27	0.9934	0.9946	0.09	0.05	28.92	32.58	46.59	47.87	1.02	1.39	1.62	2.15	71.04	51.01
	下3 Basal 3	W=70.58/(1+103e^−0.12t)^1/2.40	W=74.71/(1+12.68e^−0.09t)^1/0.97	0.9880	0.9841	0.05	0.05	29.19	31.61	42.40	40.94	1.03	1.45	1.61	2.18	68.28	63.82
变异来源 Source of variation		处理 Treatment				**		**		**		**		**		**
		部位 Part				**		**		**		**		**		**
		地点 Site				ns		ns		ns		ns		ns		ns
		处理×部位 Treatment × part				ns		ns		ns		ns		ns		ns
		处理×地点 Treatment × site				ns		ns		ns		ns		ns		ns
		部位×地点 Part × site				ns		ns		ns		ns		ns		ns
		处理×部位×地点 Treatment × part × site				ns		ns		ns		ns		ns		ns
R²:决定系数; R₀:灌浆起始势; T_max:灌浆速率达到最大时需要的天数; W_max:灌浆速率达到最大值的粒重; V_a:平均灌浆速率; V_max:籽粒最大灌浆速率; D:籽粒活跃灌浆期。 R²: decision factor; R₀: Grouting starting potential; T_max: number of days required to reach maximum grouting rate; W_max: grain weight at maximum grouting rate; V_a: average grouting rate; V_max: maximum seed filling rate; D: active seed filling period.

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表 6 氮、磷、钾肥对薏苡的千粒重效应

Table 6. Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on the thousand grain weight of Coix lacryma-jobi L.

处理 Treatment	氮肥施用量 Nitrogen fertilizer application rate (kg·hm⁻²)	千粒重 1000-grain weight (g)	处理 Treatment	磷肥施用量 Phosphorus fertilizer application rate (kg·hm⁻²)	千粒重 1000-grain weight (g)	处理 Treatment	钾肥施用量 Potassium fertilizer application rate (kg·hm⁻²)	千粒重 1000-grain weight (g)
2	0	71.89	4	0	69.63	8	0	74.82
3	135	75.50	5	75	79.90	9	112.5	79.69
6	270	73.24	6	150	75.50	6	225	75.86
11	405	70.06	7	225	70.06	10	337.5	70.06

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表 7 薏苡千粒重≥75 g的频率分布及农艺措施

Table 7. Frequency distribution and agronomic measures for Coix lacryma-jobi L. with a thousand grain weight ≥ 75g

水平 Level	N		P		K
水平 Level	频数 Frequency	频率 Relative frequency	频数 Frequency	频率 Relative frequency	频数 Frequency	频率 Relative frequency
0	2	0.1429	2	0.1429	4	0.2857
1	5	0.3571	12	0.8571	4	0.2857
2	4	0.2857	0	0	3	0.2143
3	3	0.2143	0	0	3	0.2143
总计 Total	14	1	14	1	14	1
加权平均数 Weighted average	1.5714		0.8571		1.3571
标准差SE Standard deviation SE	1.0164		0.3631		1.1507
95%置信区间 95% confidence interval	0.9846~2.1583		0.6475~1.0668		0.6927~2.0216
最佳施肥范围 Optimal range of fertilizer application rate (kg·hm−2)	40.5008~80.9880		37.5003~75.0006		56.2496~112.5060

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