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基于“三生功能”的乡村植被分类与命名方案

熊高明 葛结林 毛江涛 徐文婷 徐凯 谢宗强

熊高明, 葛结林, 毛江涛, 徐文婷, 徐凯, 谢宗强. 基于“三生功能”的乡村植被分类与命名方案[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2023, 31(0): 1−13 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230359
引用本文: 熊高明, 葛结林, 毛江涛, 徐文婷, 徐凯, 谢宗强. 基于“三生功能”的乡村植被分类与命名方案[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2023, 31(0): 1−13 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230359
XIONG G M, GE J L, MAO J T, XU W T, XU K, XIE Z Q. A classification and nomenclature scheme for rural vegetation based on the ecological-production-living functions[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2023, 31(0): 1−13 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230359
Citation: XIONG G M, GE J L, MAO J T, XU W T, XU K, XIE Z Q. A classification and nomenclature scheme for rural vegetation based on the ecological-production-living functions[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2023, 31(0): 1−13 doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230359

基于“三生功能”的乡村植被分类与命名方案

doi: 10.12357/cjea.20230359
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1100403)资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    熊高明, 研究方向为植物群落与生态保护。E-mail: xgm@ibcas.ac.cn

    通讯作者:

    谢宗强, 主要研究方向为森林动态与生态保护。E-mail: xie@ibcas.ac.cn

  • 中图分类号: Q948

A classification and nomenclature scheme for rural vegetation based on the ecological-production-living functions

Funds: This study was supported by National Key Research and Development Project of China (2019YFD1100403).
More Information
  • 摘要: 乡村植被具有重要的生态、生产与生活功能(三生功能)。乡村植被分类是生产空间、生活空间和生态空间(三生空间)规划的基础, 对美丽乡村建设和乡村振兴具有重要指导作用。目前国内的植被分类系统关于栽培植被的分类还不够完善, 尤其是承载生活功能的绿地植被没有纳入分类系统中。为了科学开展乡村植被的分类与命名, 本文通过梳理我国植被分类学的主要研究成果, 重点针对乡村植被分类研究中比较薄弱的农业植被和绿地植被进行了深入研究和探讨, 构建了1套包含9个分类等级单位的乡村植被分类系统。该系统基于“三生功能”, 增设了绿地植被类型, 将乡村植被划分为自然与半自然植被、农业植被、绿地植被3个植被类, 每类植被进一步划分植被型组、植被型、植被亚型、群系组、群系、亚群系、群丛组、群丛8个分类等级。在此基础上, 明确了各分类等级的划分依据与命名方法, 并进行了举例说明, 提出了乡村植被的分类与命名参考方案, 将中国乡村植被划分为3个植被类、23个植被型组、66个植被型和142个植被亚型。本研究阐明了目前植被分类研究中各类植被定义界限不清、分类和命名比较混乱的问题, 弥补了当前农业植被分类与命名存在的一些缺陷, 填补了绿地植被分类研究的空缺, 是对中国植被分类系统的补充与完善。研究结果可为乡村植被功能评价与保护管理、乡村空间规划等提供科学依据。
  • 表  1  乡村植被分类系统层次结构及示例

    Table  1.   Hierarchy for rural vegetation classification system with example

    植被分类层次结构
    Hierarchy for vegetation
    举例
    Example
    高级单位
    Upper level
    0级 Level 0植被类
    Vegetation category
    自然与半自然植被
    Natural and Semi-Natural Vegetation
    农业植被
    Agricultural Vegetation
    绿地植被
    Green Space Vegetation
    1级 Level 1植被型组
    Vegetation formation group
    森林
    Forest
    蔬菜作物
    Vegetable Crop
    乔木绿地
    Arbor Green Space
    2级 Level 2植被型
    Vegetation formation
    常绿针叶林
    Evergreen Needleleaf Forest
    草本蔬菜作物
    Herbaceous Vegetable Crop
    落叶阔叶乔木绿地
    Deciduous Broadleaf Arbor Green Space
    3级 Level 3植被亚型
    Vegetation subformation
    寒温性常绿针叶林
    Cold-Temperate Evergreen Needleleaf Forest
    温性草本蔬菜作物
    Temperate Herbaceous Vegetable Crop
    温性落叶阔叶乔木绿地
    Temperate Deciduous Broadleaf Arbor Green Space
    中级单位 Middle level4级 Level 4群系组
    Alliance group
    云杉林
    Picea Forest Alliance Group
    葱蒜类蔬菜作物
    Allium Vegetable Crop Alliance Group
    柽柳乔木绿地
    Tamarix Arbor Green Space Alliance Group
    5级 Level 5群系
    Alliance
    白扦林
    Picea meyeri Forest Alliance
    韭菜
    Allium tuberosum Vegetable Crop Alliance
    柽柳乔木绿地
    Tamarix chinensis Arbor Green Space Alliance
    6级 Level 6亚群系
    Suballiance
    沙地白扦林
    Picea meyeri Sandland Forest Suballiance
    大棚韭菜
    Allium tuberosum Greenhouse Vegetable Crop Suballiance
    盐碱性柽柳乔木绿地
    Tamarix chinensis Saline-Alkali Arbor Green Space Suballiance
    低级单位 Lower level7级 Level 7群丛组
    Association group
    沙地白扦-草本群丛组
    Picea meyeri - Herb Sandland Association Group
    大棚韭菜+蔬菜群丛组
    Allium tuberosum + Vegetable Crop Greenhouse Association Group
    盐碱性柽柳-草本群丛组
    Tamarix chinensis - Herb Saline-Alkali Association Group
    8级 Level 8群丛
    Association
    沙地白扦-菊叶委陵菜群丛
    Picea meyeri - Potentilla tanacetifolia Sandland Association
    大棚韭菜+番茄群丛
    Allium tuberosum + Solanum lycopersicum Greenhouse Association
    盐碱性柽柳-碱蓬群丛
    Tamarix chinensis - Suaeda glauca Saline-Alkali Association
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  乡村植被分类系统高级单位划分方案

    Table  2.   Classification scheme for upper levels of rural vegetation classification system

    植被类
    Vegetation category
    植被型组
    Vegetation formation
    group
    植被型
    Vegetation formation
    植被亚型
    Vegetation subformation
    自然与半自然植被 Natural and Semi-Natural Vegetation森林 Forest植被型组以下的分类单位依据参考文献[16]划分为30个植被型和81个植被亚型
    The classification units below the vegetation formation group are classified according to the referrence [16], including 30 vegetation formations and 81 vegetation subformations.
    灌丛 Shrubland
    草本植被
    Herbaceous Vegetation
    荒漠 Desert
    高山冻原与稀疏植被
    Alpine Tundra and Sparse Vegetation
    沼泽与水生植被
    Swamp and Aquatic Vegetation
    农业植被
    Agricultural Vegetation
    粮食作物
    Food Crop
    草本粮食作物
    Herbaceous Food Crop
    温性草本粮食作物
    Temperate Herbaceous Food Crop
    热性草本粮食作物
    Tropical Herbaceous Food Crop
    木本粮食作物
    Woody Food Crop
    热性木本粮食作物
    Tropical Woody Food Crop
    蔬菜作物
    Vegetable Crop
    草本蔬菜作物
    Herbaceous Vegetable Crop
    温性草本蔬菜作物
    Temperate Herbaceous Vegetable Crop
    热性草本蔬菜作物
    Tropical Herbaceous Vegetable Crop
    木本蔬菜作物
    Woody Vegetable Crop
    温性木本蔬菜作物
    Temperate Woody Vegetable Crop
    热性木本蔬菜作物
    Tropical Woody Vegetable Crop
    水果作物
    Fruit Crop
    草本水果作物
    Herbaceous Fruit Crop
    温性草本水果作物
    Temperate Herbaceous Fruit Crop
    热性草本水果作物
    Tropical Herbaceous Fruit Crop
    木本水果作物
    Woody Fruit Crop
    温性木本水果作物
    Temperate Woody Fruit Crop
    热性木本水果作物
    Tropical Woody Fruit Crop
    花卉作物
    Flower Crop
    草本花卉作物
    Herbaceous Flower Crop
    温性草本花卉作物
    Temperate Herbaceous Flower Crop
    热性草本花卉作物
    Tropical Herbaceous Flower Crop
    木本花卉作物
    Woody Flower Crop
    温性木本花卉作物
    Temperate Woody Flower Crop
    热性木本花卉作物
    Tropical Woody Flower Crop
    油料作物
    Oilseed Crop
    草本油料作物
    Herbaceous Oilseed Crop
    温性草本油料作物
    Temperate Herbaceous Oilseed Crop
    热性草本油料作物
    Tropical Herbaceous Oilseed Crop
    木本油料作物
    Woody Oilseed Crop
    热性木本油料作物
    Tropical Woody Oilseed Crop
    纤维作物
    Fiber Crop
    草本纤维作物
    Herbaceous Fiber Crop
    温性草本纤维作物
    Temperate Herbaceous Fiber Crop
    热性草本纤维作物
    Tropical Herbaceous Fiber Crop
    糖料作物
    Sugar Crop
    草本糖料作物
    Herbaceous Sugar Crop
    温性草本糖料作物
    Temperate Herbaceous Sugar Crop
    热性草本糖料作物
    Tropical Herbaceous Sugar Crop
    药用作物
    Medicine Crop
    草本药用作物
    Herbaceous Medicine Crop
    温性草本药用作物
    Temperate Herbaceous Medicine Crop
    热性草本药用作物
    Tropical Herbaceous Medicine Crop
    木本药用作物
    Woody Medicine Crop
    温性木本药用作物
    Temperate Woody Medicine Crop
    热性木本药用作物
    Tropical Woody Medicine Crop
    饮料作物
    Beverage Crop
    草本饮料作物
    Herbaceous Beverage Crop
    温性草本饮料作物
    Temperate Herbaceous Beverage Crop
    农业植被
    Agricultural Vegetation
    饮料作物
    Beverage Crop
    木本饮料作物
    Woody Beverage Crop
    热性木本饮料作物
    Tropical Woody Beverage Crop
    饲料作物
    Forage Crop
    草本饲料作物
    Herbaceous Forage Crop
    温性草本饲料作物
    Temperate Herbaceous Forage Crop
    热性草本饲料作物
    Tropical Herbaceous Forage Crop
    木本饲料作物
    Woody Forage Crop
    温性木本饲料作物
    Temperate Woody Forage Crop
    热性木本饲料作物
    Tropical Woody Forage Crop
    烟草作物
    Tobacco Crop
    草本烟草作物
    Herbaceous Tobacco Crop
    热性草本烟草作物
    Tropical Herbaceous Tobacco Crop
    香辛料作物
    Spice Crop
    草本香辛料作物
    Herbaceous Spice Crop
    温性草本香辛料作物
    Temperate Herbaceous Spice Crop
    热性草本香辛料作物
    Tropical Herbaceous Spice Crop
    木本香辛料作物
    Woody Spice Crop
    热性木本香辛料作物
    Tropical Woody Spice Crop
    其他作物
    Other Crops
    其他草本作物
    Other Herbaceous Crops
    温性其他草本作物
    Temperate Other Herbaceous Crops
    热性其他草本作物
    Tropical Other Herbaceous Crops
    其他木本作物
    Other Woody Crops
    温性其他木本经济作物
    Temperate Other Woody Crops
    热性其他木本经济作物
    Tropical Other Woody Crops
    绿地植被
    Green Space Vegetation
    乔木绿地
    Arbor Green Space
    落叶针叶乔木绿地
    Deciduous Needleleaf Arbor Green Space
    温性落叶针叶乔木绿地
    Temperate Deciduous Needleleaf Arbor Green Space
    热性落叶针叶乔木绿地
    Tropical Deciduous Needleleaf Arbor Green Space
    常绿针叶乔木绿地
    Evergreen Needleleaf Arbor Green Space
    温性常绿针叶乔木绿地
    Temperate Evergreen Needleleaf Arbor Green Space
    热性常绿针叶乔木绿地
    Tropical Evergreen Needleleaf Arbor Green Space
    落叶阔叶乔木绿地
    Deciduous Broadleaf Arbor Green Space
    温性落叶阔叶乔木绿地
    Temperate Deciduous Broadleaf Arbor Green Space
    热性落叶阔叶乔木绿地
    Tropical Deciduous Broadleaf Arbor Green Space
    常绿阔叶乔木绿地
    Evergreen Broadleaf Arbor Green Space
    热性常绿阔叶乔木绿地
    Tropical Evergreen Broadleaf Arbor Green Space
    竹类绿地
    Bamboo Green Space
    热性竹类绿地
    Tropical Bamboo Green Space
    灌木绿地
    Shrub Green Space
    常绿针叶灌木绿地
    Evergreen Needleleaf Shrub Green Space
    温性常绿针叶灌木绿地
    Temperate Evergreen Needleleaf Shrub Green Space
    落叶阔叶灌木绿地
    Deciduous Broadleaf Shrub Green Space
    温性落叶阔叶灌木绿地
    Temperate Deciduous Broadleaf Shrub Green Space
    热性落叶阔叶灌木绿地
    Tropical Deciduous Broadleaf Shrub Green Space
    常绿阔叶灌木绿地
    Evergreen Broadleaf Shrub Green Space
    热性常绿阔叶灌木绿地
    Tropical Evergreen Broadleaf Shrub Green Space
    肉质刺灌木绿地
    Succulent Thorny Shrub Green Space
    热性肉质刺灌木绿地
    Tropical Succulent Thorny Shrub Green Space
    草本绿地
    Herb Green Space
    短期草本绿地
    Temporary Herb Green Space
    温性短期草本绿地
    Temperate Temporary Herb Green Space
    热性短期草本绿地
    Tropical Temporary Herb Green Space
    长期草本绿地
    Permanent Herb Green Space
    温性长期草本绿地
    Temperate Permanent Herb Green Space
    热性长期草本绿地
    Tropical Permanent Herb Green Space
    湿地型绿地
    Wetland Green Space
    木本湿地型绿地
    Woody Wetland Green Space
    温性木本湿地型绿地
    Temperate Woody Wetland Green Space
    热性木本湿地型绿地
    Tropical Woody Wetland Green Space
    草本湿地型绿地
    Herbaceous Wetland Green Space
    温性草本湿地型绿地
    Temperate Herbaceous Wetland Green Space
    热性草本湿地型绿地
    Tropical Herbaceous Wetland Green Space
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2023-06-30
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