贾梦晗, 杨洋, 张一含, 陈灿, 仝宇欣. 不同蓝光强度连续供光对生菜形态建成、光合特性及营养离子吸收的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2024, 32(5): 839−850. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20230729
引用本文: 贾梦晗, 杨洋, 张一含, 陈灿, 仝宇欣. 不同蓝光强度连续供光对生菜形态建成、光合特性及营养离子吸收的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2024, 32(5): 839−850. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20230729
JIA M H, YANG Y, ZHANG Y H, CHEN C, TONG Y X. Effects of different blue light intensities with continuous light on morphogenesis, photosynthetic characteristics and nutrient ion absorption of lettuce[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2024, 32(5): 839−850. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20230729
Citation: JIA M H, YANG Y, ZHANG Y H, CHEN C, TONG Y X. Effects of different blue light intensities with continuous light on morphogenesis, photosynthetic characteristics and nutrient ion absorption of lettuce[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2024, 32(5): 839−850. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20230729

不同蓝光强度连续供光对生菜形态建成、光合特性及营养离子吸收的影响

Effects of different blue light intensities with continuous light on morphogenesis, photosynthetic characteristics and nutrient ion absorption of lettuce

  • 摘要: 植物工厂光环境的优化调控是提高果蔬产量和品质最主要的途径, 其中蓝光对植物的形态建成和光合特性均有显著的调控作用。本试验以‘Tiberius’生菜为研究对象, 将一天24 h周期分为两个时段, 时段一(H1) 为18:00—次日10:00, 时段二(H2)为 10:00—18:00。H1时段均给予光照强度为200 μmol·m−2·s−1, 光质配比为红蓝4∶1的光照环境。在H2时段设置了不同强度蓝光处理, 分别为对照组(B0, 无光)以及3个光处理组(B28、B60、B100), 光照强度(μmol·m−2·s−1)分别为28、60、100 , 调查不同蓝光强度连续供光下生菜的形态建成、光合特性以及营养离子吸收情况。结果表明: 1)与B0相比, B28、B60和B100处理下的生菜株高和茎叶与水平面夹角均显著增加, 叶片较为细长, 蓝光强度越弱, 变化效果越显著; 2)与B0相比, B28、B60和B100处理下的叶片腹部气孔密度和叶片厚度均显著下降; 3)不同强度蓝光处理均促进了叶绿素的增加, 其中B60处理下的叶绿素含量增加最高; 4) B28处理下的氮、镁、钾和铁含量增加最高, 较B0分别增加18.2%、33.3%、65.9%和72.7%。因此, 在植物工厂中, 连续光照结合不同的蓝光补光强度, 可以有目的地调控生菜的形态以及光合特性, 有利于提高单位面积的栽培株数和产量。

     

    Abstract: As the sole light source in a plant factory is light, optimization and regulation of the light environment are the most crucial ways to improve the yield and quality of fruits and vegetables. Blue light plays an important role in regulating plant morphology and photosynthetic characteristics. Previous studies on continuous light have mainly focused on red and blue light, and there have been few studies on the utilization of blue light to optimize plant morphogenesis. To explore the effects of different intensities of blue light on the growth and morphological establishment of fruits and vegetables in plant factories with continuous light, this experiment took “Tiberius” lettuce as the research materials and divided the 24-h cycle into two periods. Period one (H1) was 18:00–10:00 the next day, while period two (H2) was 10:00–18:00. During period H1, the light environment conditions of each treatment were the same, the light intensity was 200 μmol·m−2·s−1, and the red to blue ratio was 4∶1 including the control group (B0, without light) and three light intensities of 28 μmol·m−2·s−1 (B28), 60 μmol·m−2·s−1 (B60), and 100 μmol·m−2·s−1 (B100). The results showed that 1) compared with B0, the plant height and the angle between the stem and leaf and the horizontal plane of lettuce under treatments B28, B60, and B100 were significantly increased. With the decrease in blue light intensity, the plant height of lettuce increased, the angle between stem and horizontal plane increased, and the leaves were slender; 2) compared with the treatment B0, the stomata density in the leaf abdomen under treatments B28, B60, and B100 decreased by 30.8%, 34.6%, and 25.0%, respectively, and the leaf thickness decreased by 15.9%, 28.4%, and 8.8%, respectively; 3) blue light promoted the increase in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and the redistribution of the chlorophyll a/b ratio, among which the highest chlorophyll content was observed under treatment B60, whereas no significant difference in chlorophyll content was found among treatment B28 and B100; 4) compared with the treatment B0, the transpiration rate under treatments B28, B60, and B100 increased by 30.8%, 38.5%, and 30.8%, respectively, contributing to the absorption of nutrients by plants. The highest nitrogen, magnesium, potassium, and iron ion contents were obtained under treatment B28, which increased by 18.2%, 33.3%, 65.9%, and 72.7%, respectively, compared to those under treatment B0. In summary, blue light supplementation during period H2 was found to enhance the height of lettuce plants, widen the angle between the stems and the horizontal plane, and promote a more compact shape. Interestingly, lower blue light intensities resulted in greater increases and more pronounced morphological changes. Additionally, blue light supplementation during period H2 led to a reduction in leaf thickness and facilitated the accumulation of photosynthetic pigments, but increased stomatal conductance, which is beneficial for the absorption of nutrients in the leaves. Therefore, in a plant factory, continuous light combined with different blue light intensities can purposefully regulate the morphology and photosynthetic characteristics of lettuce, thereby increasing the number of cultivated plants and the yield per unit area.

     

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