段辛乐, 乔宪凤, 陈茂华. 亚致死浓度毒死蜱和异丙威对禾谷缢管蚜试验种群的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2015, 23(3): 329-336. DOI: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.141032
引用本文: 段辛乐, 乔宪凤, 陈茂华. 亚致死浓度毒死蜱和异丙威对禾谷缢管蚜试验种群的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报(中英文), 2015, 23(3): 329-336. DOI: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.141032
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DUAN Xinle, QIAO Xianfeng, CHEN Maohua. Effects of sub-lethal concentrations of chlorpyrifos and isoprocarb on experimental population of Rhopalosiphum padi [J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2015, 23(3): 329-336. DOI: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.141032
Citation: DUAN Xinle, QIAO Xianfeng, CHEN Maohua. Effects of sub-lethal concentrations of chlorpyrifos and isoprocarb on experimental population of Rhopalosiphum padi [J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2015, 23(3): 329-336. DOI: 10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.141032
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亚致死浓度毒死蜱和异丙威对禾谷缢管蚜试验种群的影响

Effects of sub-lethal concentrations of chlorpyrifos and isoprocarb on experimental population of Rhopalosiphum padi

    摘要
  • 摘要: 禾谷缢管蚜Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus)是重要的小麦害虫, 毒死蜱和异丙威作为有效防治禾谷缢管蚜的杀虫剂, 可以在致死浓度下直接杀死禾谷缢管蚜, 其亚致死浓度也可能会引起禾谷缢管蚜生理和行为的改变。为明确亚致死浓度的毒死蜱和异丙威对禾谷缢管蚜试验种群的影响, 本研究采用浸叶法分别测定了毒死蜱和异丙威对禾谷缢管蚜成蚜的毒力; 并以含0.1%吐温-80的蒸馏水为对照, 利用生命表技术分别研究了毒死蜱亚致死浓度(C-LC20和C-LC30)和异丙威亚致死浓度(I-LC20和I-LC30)对禾谷缢管蚜F0代和F1代种群生长发育和繁殖的影响。结果表明, C-LC20、C-LC30、I-LC20和I-LC30处理后, 禾谷缢管蚜F0代成蚜寿命分别缩短14.03%、36.04%、12.01%和26.86%, 产蚜量分别下降20.55%、42.27%、17.13%和26.00%, 均显著低于对照种群; 与对照相比, C-LC20、C-LC30、I-LC20和I-LC30处理后, 禾谷缢管蚜F1代种群的若虫期分别延长1.51 d、1.92 d、0.9 d和1.19 d, 成蚜寿命分别缩短21.62%、33.68%、15.51%和23.14%, 产蚜量分别降低21.81%、37.4%、14.51%和29.29%, 且F1代种群的内禀增长率rm、净生殖率R0、周限增长率λ以及总生殖率GRR都比对照降低, 而F1代种群加倍时间Dt和平均世代周期T均延长。本研究结果显示, 亚致死浓度的毒死蜱和异丙威能够降低禾谷缢管蚜种群的发育和繁殖速率, 对禾谷缢管蚜种群具有明显的抑制作用。

     

    Abstract: Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) is a devastating pest insect of wheat around the globe. Chlorpyrifos and isoprocarb have been widely used to control R. padi in the field. Sub-lethal concentrates of chlorpyrifos and isoprocarb could affect the physiology and behavior of R. padi. To evaluate the effects of sub-lethal concentrates of chlorpyrifos and isoprocarb on experimental population of R. padi, the leaf dipping method was used to test acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos and isoprocarb to adult R. padi. In a laboratory experiment, the life-table was used to analyze the effects of two sub-lethal concentrates of chlorpyrifos sublethal (C-LC20, C-LC30) and also two sub-lethal concentrates of isoprocarb sublethal (I-LC20 and I-LC30) on the development and reproduction of R. padi F0 and F1 generations. The results showed that compared with the control, average longevity and average fecundity of R. padi F0 generation significantly decreased after treated with the four sub-lethal concentrates. Average longevity of R. padi F0 generation decreased respectively by 14.03%, 36.04%, 12.01% and 26.86%, while average fecundity of R. padi F0 generation decreased respectively by 20.55%, 42.27%, 17.13% and 26.00% after treated with C-LC20, C-LC30, I-LC20 and I-LC30. Also compared with the control, C-LC20, C-LC30, I-LC20 and I-LC30 treatments significantly increased average development period of the larval stage of R. padi F1 generation by 1.51 d, 1.92 d, 0.9 d and 1.19 d, respectively. However, average longevity of R. padi F1 generation under the four treatments decreased respectively by 21.62%, 33.68%, 15.51% and 23.14%. Also average fecundity decreased respectively by 21.81%, 37.4%, 14.51% and 29.29%. Compared with the control, sub-lethal concentrates of chlorpyrifos and isoprocarb decreased survival rate, intrinsic rate of increase (rm), net reproductive rate (R0), finite rate of increase (λ) and gross reproduction rate (GRR) of R. padi F1 generation. It also increased the development duration, the mean generation time (T) and the population doubling time (Dt) of R. padi F1 generation. The current results suggested that the sub-lethal concentrates of chlorpyrifos and isoprocarb decreased population development rate and fecundity rate of R. padi.

     

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