Light distribution in wheat population and its effect on leaf photosynthetic rate under raised-bed planting method
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摘要: 利用4个不同基因型小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)品种(大穗型品种“烟辐188”和“淄麦12”、多穗型品种“济麦22”和“济麦20”)对比研究了垄作和传统平作两种栽培方式对小麦群体内部光分布特征及其对不同叶位叶片光合速率的影响。结果表明: 垄作栽培方式显著改善了小麦冠层内光的垂直分布状况, 使冠层内不同垂直高度的光照强度显著高于传统平作, 并显著提高了小麦冠层内不同叶位叶片的光合速率; 垄作栽培能够显著降低多穗型小麦品种冠层温度, 而对大穗型小麦品种作用不明显; 垄作栽培方式能够显著提高多穗型小麦品种归一化植被指数(NDVI), 明显改善小麦生长状况; 垄作栽培方式可显著提高小麦的千粒重, 增加穗粒数, 使小麦的行优势得到充分发挥。垄作栽培方式更适合分蘖成穗率较高、群体相对较大的多穗型品种。Abstract: A comparative study was conducted on the distribution of light in wheat population and leaf photosynthetic rate in four wheat genotypes (the large-spike cultivars of “Yanfu188” and “Zimai12”, and the multi-spike cultivars of “Jimai22” and “Jimai20”) under raised-bed and conventional flat planting methods. The results show a significant improvement in canopy light vertical reception, leaf photosynthetic rate, 1000-kernel weight and per-spike grain number under raised-bed planting method (RBP), in comparison to conventional flat planting (CFP). RBP can significantly decrease the canopy temperature of the multi-spike cultivars, while it is not significant for the large-spike cultivars. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of the multi-spike cultivars is higher under RBP than CFP, showing significantly promoting effect of RBP on plant growth. Wheat cultivars that develop more tillers and spikes are more suitable to RBP conditions.
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