Abstract: The effect of salicylic acid (SA) pretreatment on heat resistance of “Xinongyou1” rice seedlings under high temperature stress was investigated. The study shows that 0.5 mmol·L^-1 SA pretreatment retards electrolyte osmosis in rice seedling, reduces malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide anion radical () production rate. Meanwhile, contents of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), proline, soluble sugar, soluble protein, vitamin C and GSH in rice seedling increase with SA pretreatment under high temperature stress. The findings suggest that SA pretreatment enhances heat resistance of rice seedling.