Abstract: Biochemical genetics was investigated using the assay of vertical slab polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in Parallchthys olivaceus，ten enzymes were presumably encoded by 21 allozyme loci and 25 alleles were scored．The monomorphic locus with one alleleis Est-2，Est-3，Aat-2，Sod-1，Sod-2，Ldh-1，Mdh-1，Me-1，Adh-2，Sdh-2，Sdh-3，ldh-1，Idh-2，Amy-1，Amy-2 and Amy-3；and 5 loci with two alleles are polymorphic．They are Aat-1，Sdh-1，Adh-1，Est-1，and Est-4．The percentage of p.olymorphicloci(P_0.99)is 23．81％．The bands representing loci and alleles of P．olivaceus are showed in the paper and the genetic diversity and genetic structure of P．olivaceus with comparative diagrams of allozylTies are provided．