魏静, 刘丽丽, 王红云, 张延夕, 王彩玲, 刘金铜, 付同刚, 高会, 梁红柱, 刘元辰. 1990—2020年太行山区土地利用景观格局时空变化[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2022, 30(7): 1123−1133. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20210870
引用本文: 魏静, 刘丽丽, 王红云, 张延夕, 王彩玲, 刘金铜, 付同刚, 高会, 梁红柱, 刘元辰. 1990—2020年太行山区土地利用景观格局时空变化[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2022, 30(7): 1123−1133. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20210870
WEI J, LIU L L, WANG H Y, ZHANG Y X, WANG C L, LIU J T, FU T G, GAO H, LIANG H Z, LIU Y C. Spatiotemporal patterns of land-use change in the Taihang Mountain (1990−2020)[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2022, 30(7): 1123−1133. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20210870
Citation: WEI J, LIU L L, WANG H Y, ZHANG Y X, WANG C L, LIU J T, FU T G, GAO H, LIANG H Z, LIU Y C. Spatiotemporal patterns of land-use change in the Taihang Mountain (1990−2020)[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2022, 30(7): 1123−1133. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20210870

1990—2020年太行山区土地利用景观格局时空变化

Spatiotemporal patterns of land-use change in the Taihang Mountain (1990−2020)

  • 摘要: 太行山区为华北平原和环渤海经济区的生态安全屏障, 对其景观格局的研究对经济社会可持续发展和生态环境保护具有重要指导意义。本文基于1990年、2000年、2010年和2020年4期Landsat 30 m TM遥感数据资料, 研究太行山区不同土地利用景观类型的时空变化, 并结合重心模型, 对比分析30年来太行山区土地利用景观格局的变化趋势。结果表明: 1)太行山区1990—2020年土地利用类型以耕地、草地和林地为主, 其他土地利用类型作为斑块镶嵌其中。2) 30年间, 耕地面积总体呈减少趋势, 主要转为建设用地; 林地和草地面积呈逐步减少趋势, 二者主要转化为耕地; 水域面积总体呈减少的趋势, 2010—2020年在大沙河实施的河流生态修复工程, 使大量未利用土地转为水域, 减缓了水域面积减少的幅度; 建设用地面积呈逐年增加趋势, 主要由耕地转入; 未利用土地面积呈先增加后减少的趋势, 主要表现为与水域的转化。3) 30年间, 未利用土地重心迁移距离最大, 主要受降水量的影响, 向东北偏移了93.74 km; 耕地的重心偏移方向以北为主, 呈现西-东-西摆动, 表明太行山低山丘陵区的耕地开垦强度西部高于东部, 主要体现在山西省的运城和晋中; 林地、草地的重心偏移方向以西南为主, 偏移距离较小; 水域1990—2010年重心向西南偏移, 主要受自然因素影响, 2010—2020年重心猛然向东偏移, 因大沙河综合治理工程引起东部水域面积的增加; 建设用地的重心偏移方向以东北为主, 主要受北京的昌平、房山和延庆等城市发展影响。基于上述研究成果进一步阐述了30年间太行山区景观格局动态变化的驱动机制。

     

    Abstract: The Taihang Mountain is an important ecological security barrier of the North China Plain and the Circum-Bohai Sea Economic Zone, which has a unique natural environment and humanistic historical background. The study of landscape patterns in mountainous areas is not only beneficial to the development of mountain ecology science but is also important for guiding sustainable economic and social development and eco-environment protection. In this study, the temporal and spatial variation in land use types in the Taihang Mountain were studied based on remote sensing data from Landsat 30 m TM (in 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020). In addition, combined with the gravity center model, a comparative analysis of the variation trend of land use patterns in the Taihang Mountain was identified. The results showed that: 1) cultivated land, forest land, and grass land were the principal land use types in the Taihang Mountain from 1990 to 2020, while other land use types were embedded as plaques. 2) Over the past 30 years, the cultivated land area had been decreasing and mainly been converted to building land. The areas of forestland and grass land decreased gradually and were mainly converted into cultivated land. Additionally, the overall area of water decreased. The river ecological restoration project implemented in the Dasha River from 2010 to 2020 led to a large amount of unused land being transferred into water area, slowing down the degree of decline in the area of water. Moreover, the area of building land, mainly converted from arable land, had increased annually. The unused land area increased at first and then decreased, which was mainly reflected in the transformation of the water area. 3) Over 30 years, mainly influenced by the precipitation level, the unused land barycenter migrated 93.74 km northeastward. The barycenter of cultivated land fluctuated, migrating mainly northward, showing a west–east–west swing. This indicates that farmland reclamation intensity in the west of the Taihang Mountain hilly area was higher than that in the east, which was mainly found in Yuncheng and Jinzhong of Shanxi Province. The barycenter transfer direction of forest land and grass land was mainly southwest, over a relatively small distance. Mainly because of natural factors, the barycenter of the water area migrated southwest from 1990 to 2010, then suddenly shifted to the east between 2010 and 2020. The reason for this change was an increase in the water area in the east caused by the comprehensive Dashahe River control project. Thus, it was found that ecological restoration projects carried out by human beings had a significant influence on changes in landscape barycenters. In addition, the barycenter transfer direction of building land was mainly northeast and was affected by urban development, such as in Changping, Fangshan, and Yanqing of Beijing City. In short, based on the above research findings, the driving mechanism of landscape pattern variation in the Taihang Mountain area over 30 years (1990–2020) was further described.

     

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