鲁晓宇, 郭家鑫, 陶一凡, 叶扬, 桂诚浩, 郭慧娟, 闵伟. 不同盐碱胁迫对棉花营养元素吸收转运以及代谢的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2023, 31(3): 438−451. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20220581
引用本文: 鲁晓宇, 郭家鑫, 陶一凡, 叶扬, 桂诚浩, 郭慧娟, 闵伟. 不同盐碱胁迫对棉花营养元素吸收转运以及代谢的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报 (中英文), 2023, 31(3): 438−451. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20220581
LU X Y, GUO J X, TAO Y F, YE Y, GUI C H, GUO H J, MIN W. Effects of different salt and alkali stress on absorption, transportation, and metabolism of nutrient elements in cotton[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2023, 31(3): 438−451. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20220581
Citation: LU X Y, GUO J X, TAO Y F, YE Y, GUI C H, GUO H J, MIN W. Effects of different salt and alkali stress on absorption, transportation, and metabolism of nutrient elements in cotton[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2023, 31(3): 438−451. DOI: 10.12357/cjea.20220581

不同盐碱胁迫对棉花营养元素吸收转运以及代谢的影响

Effects of different salt and alkali stress on absorption, transportation, and metabolism of nutrient elements in cotton

  • 摘要: 新疆盐碱地类型多且积盐严重, 因此, 探讨不同盐碱胁迫对棉花养分吸收转运和代谢的影响, 揭示棉花对不同盐碱胁迫的耐受机制, 可为新疆不同盐碱地类型棉花栽培提供一定的理论基础。本研究设置对照(CK)、氯化钠(NaCl)盐胁迫(CS)、硫酸钠(Na2SO4)盐胁迫(SS)和碱(NaHCO3+Na2CO3)胁迫(AS) 4个处理, 通过离子组和代谢组学的方法, 探究不同盐碱胁迫对棉花根和叶中营养元素含量以及代谢的影响。结果表明, 盐碱胁迫显著抑制棉花生长, 与CK相比, CS、SS和AS处理的棉花总生物量分别显著(P<0.05, 下同)降低51.7%、47.8%和52.3%, CS处理叶片N含量显著增加, P、K、Ca、Mg和S含量显著降低, 茎中N、P、K、Ca、Mg和S含量均显著降低, 根中N、Ca和Mg含量显著降低, P含量显著增加; SS处理叶中P、Ca和Mg含量显著降低, S含量显著增加, 茎中P、Ca和Mg含量显著降低, S含量显著增加, 根中P和Ca含量显著降低, Mg和S含量显著增加; AS处理叶中P、K、Ca、Mg和S含量显著降低, 茎中N、P、Ca、Mg和S含量显著降低, 根中N、P和S含量显著降低, Mg含量显著增加。CS处理下棉花叶片和根系中分别筛选出7条差异代谢通路, SS处理下棉花叶片和根系中分别筛选出16和29条差异代谢通路, AS处理下棉花叶片和根系中分别筛选出8条和18条差异代谢通路。氯化钠胁迫抑制棉花P、Ca、Mg和S的转运能力, 但是对代谢的影响相对较小; 硫酸钠胁迫下棉花体内积累的S促进了氨基酸类代谢; 碱胁迫抑制了P、K、Ca、Mg和S的转运能力, 根部有机酸代谢增强且有机酸显著积累, 叶片中亚油酸显著积累。

     

    Abstract: There are many types of saline-alkali land in Xinjiang, and salt accumulation is a serious problem. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effects of different saline-alkali stresses on the absorption, transportation, and metabolism of cotton nutrients and to reveal the tolerance mechanism of cotton to different salt and alkali stresses to provide a theoretical basis for cotton cultivation on different types of saline-alkali land in Xinjiang. Four treatments were used in this study: control (CK), NaCl stress (CS), Na2SO4 stress (SS), and alkali (NaHCO3+Na2CO3) stress (AS). The effects of different salt and alkali stresses on the content and metabolism of nutrient elements in cotton roots and leaves were explored using ionomics and metabonomics. Compared with CK, the total biomass of CS, SS, and AS treatments decreased significantly (P<0.05) by 51.7%, 47.8%, and 52.3%, respectively. Compared with CK, CS treatment significantly (P<0.05) increased the content of N in leaves and the content of P in roots; significantly (P<0.05) decreased the contents of P, K, Ca, Mg, and S in leaves; the contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S in stems; the content of N, Ca, and Mg in roots. Under AS treatment, the contents of P, K, Ca, Mg and S in leaves; the contents of N, P, Ca, Mg and S in stems; and the contents of N, P and S in roots significantly (P<0.05) decreased, while Mg content in roots significantly (P<0.05) increased over the CK treatment. Seven differential metabolic pathways were screened from cotton leaves and roots under the CS treatment; 16 and 29 differential metabolic pathways were screened from cotton leaves and roots under the SS treatment; and eight and 18 differential metabolic pathways were screened from cotton leaves and roots under the AS treatment. NaCl stress inhibited the transport of P, Ca, Mg, S, and N uptake in cotton but promoted the transport of N and K; NaCl stress had relatively little effect on metabolism, only the accumulation of amino acids and organic acids. Na2SO4 stress did not significantly inhibit the absorption and transport of N and K but promoted the absorption of Mg and S. However, it inhibited the absorption and transport of Ca and Mg in cotton. Na2SO4 stress had a significant impact on metabolism. The significant accumulation of S incotton promotes the metabolism of amino acids, and the enhancement of amino acid metabolism also indirectly promotes the intensity of other metabolic pathways, making cotton more tolerant to Na2SO4. Alkali (NaHCO3+Na2CO3) stress inhibited N and S uptake and P, K, Ca, Mg, and S transport but increased Mg uptake, which significantly changed the metabolism of organic acids in cotton, enhanced the metabolism of organic acids in roots, significantly accumulated organic acids, and significantly accumulated linoleic acid in leaves.

     

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