Abstract: It is necessary to study the influences of fertilizer application on soil since it is an important part of agricultural ecosystem. Soil biological properties such as enzyme activity, microbial biomass, respiration and biodiversity have received increasing attention due to they are much more sensitive to the outside disturbance than physiochemical properties. Contrast to the mineral fertilization, long time application of organic fertilizer can provide proper soil ecological environment for high crop production by improving contents of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, activities of soil enzymes and biodiversity and decreasing the metabolic respiratory quotient. Changes of soil biological properties influence the soil quality, agricultural yields and stabilization of ecosystem. This paper reviewed some works in these years about the influences of organic fertilizer application on soil biological characters.