Abstract: Through the systematic survey during the Sixth Five Years Plan's period and tackling key problems in science and technology since the Seventh Five Years Plan's period, significant progresses of scientific research and development of dry land agriculture in North China have been achieved, dry land agriculture models with Chinese characteristics and technological systems of agriculture, forestry and husbandry comprehensive development formed, and new breakthrough in such aspects as water collecting and economically irrigating techniques, farming covering techniques and theorys of water and fertilizers coordinating model have been gained also. The dry land agriculture in North China will develop significantly in 21st century. A series of countermeasures to promote sustainable development dry land agriculture in North China are put forward.