Identification of key factors of cooperative governance for village environment based on rural revitalization strategy

Rural environmental governance with innovative system and efficient path is a point of rural revitalization strategies. The researches of rural environment problems are mostly about the patterns of village environmental governance and the issues of social capital in rural environmental protection. While less are about empirical study on failure of cooperative governance for village environment. In this study, the stakeholder theory was used to analyze the village environment dilemma based on the interest appeals and behavior guidance of government, enterprise, city, villager, environmental organizations and research institutions, established influencing factors index system of rural environmental cooperative governance. To reduce the subjectivity when experts scored to establish the correlation matrix, Grey-DEMATEL method was then applied to identify important causal factors, result factors and relevant factors of rural environmental cooperative governance, and to explore the relationship and combined influencing degree among the influencing factors in Quanzhou, Fujian Province. The results showed that regional protectionism and rural resources being drawn for urban development were more fundamental factors that restricted rural environmental cooperative governance, neglect of distinction of rural environmental protection technology and application and promotion of environmental protection technology had great influencing degree and played a significant driving role too. Urban pollution enterprises being shifted to remote rural areas for transferring emission costs and some urban pollution being transferred to rural areas were direct obstacle factors, which effectively aggravated the predicament of rural environmental governance in a short time. Limit of public health infrastructure construction in rural areas due to their low economic profit was the most active influencing factor of cooperative governance for village environment, extensive economy growing mode of rural enterprise and lack of scientific research and rural environmental protection industrial chain were also the core influencing factors, which easily influenced the other factors, and were also easily influenced by other factors. Last, according to the analysis of the relationship and combined influencing degree among those factors, this paper analyzed relationship among government, enterprise, city, villager, environmental organizations and research institutions, then defined the roles of different stakeholders. The long-term measures, short-term measures and key measures were put forward for realizing the strategic vision of village environmental cooperative governance to change rural environment pollution thoroughly.