Abstract: To explore the impact of high-standard farmland construction policy on agricultural green development, to provide theoretical basis for enhancing the new quality productivity of agriculture and promoting the sustainable development of agriculture. Based on provincial panel data from 2010 to 2021, this paper uses the DID model to explore the impact of high-standard farmland construction on agricultural green development and discusses heterogeneity. It is found that (1) China's agricultural green development level in general shows a steady upward trend, and the results of the benchmark regression show that the construction of high-standard farmland, which has the ability to improve the quality level of arable land and the way of utilizing arable land, significantly promotes the green development of agriculture, and the conclusions are still valid after passing a variety of robustness tests as well as eliminating the interference of other policies, and (2) the analysis of the mechanism shows that the construction of high-standard farmland realizes the farming (2) Mechanism analysis shows that the construction of high-standard farmland realizes the “serialization” and “scale” of operation, and is conducive to the promotion of agricultural green development through the transfer of farmland. (3) The results of heterogeneity show that for the main grain-producing provinces and the central region, the construction of high-standard farmland has a more prominent effect on the enhancement of the level of agricultural green development. The conclusion shows that promoting the policy of high-standard farmland construction is an important initiative to realize the green development of agriculture in the new era of China, and the task of high-standard farmland construction should be accomplished according to local conditions and rational layout, with special emphasis on the degree of construction in the main grain-producing areas, and the transfer of agricultural land to realize continuous agricultural operation, so as to continuously enhance the new quality production capacity of agriculture and promote the green development of agriculture.