Abstract: Digital technology change has become the core driving force to reshape agricultural production methods and business models. Since China put forward the ‘Internet+’ strategy in 2015, the application of digital technology in agricultural production has entered a rapid development stage, and related research has shown explosive growth. In this paper, we first systematically sort out the development stage and direction of the application of digital technology in the field of agriculture; secondly, we analyse the theoretical mechanism of digital technology affecting the development of agriculture from four factors, such as technological advancement, capital support, data resources, and cost advantage; thirdly, we analyse the effects generated by the application of digital technology in agriculture from three perspectives, namely, agricultural pest control, traceability of agricultural products, and agricultural product marketing; lastly, we sum up the The research progress of digital technology application in the field of agriculture. Specifically, the application process of digital technology in agricultural development presents a stage and the application direction has a structural hierarchy. Secondly, technological progress provides a driving force for agricultural development and promotes the innovation of the agricultural model; capital support solves the problem of capital demand faced by agricultural development by breaking the financing constraints; the application of digital technology in the field of agriculture generates a large amount of data resources, and is able to digitise the production and operation of agriculture by virtue of the massive data; digital technology eases the spatio-temporal limitations and information asymmetric constraints of agricultural development Thus, it reduces the costs of production, circulation, transaction and information acquisition in agriculture. Thirdly, digital technology applies modern agricultural information technologies such as geographic information systems, remote sensing, sensing, global positioning systems, mobile Internet, etc., to realise real-time monitoring and early warning of pests and diseases; the application of digital technology in precision medicine application and pest control is reflected in variable spraying technology, unmanned aerial vehicle medicine application and automated medicine application system. In terms of agricultural product traceability, the agricultural product traceability system is mainly constructed based on the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain platform, and further combines with IoT technology to form an agricultural product traceability system combining blockchain technology and IoT technology. In terms of agricultural product marketing, the combination of ‘short video + net red + live broadcasting + e-commerce’ has become a new mode of agricultural product sales. Finally, this paper looks forward to the future research focus and countermeasure suggestions for the application of digital technological changes in the field of agriculture, including further focusing on scientific and technological innovation and algorithm optimisation, improving infrastructure, optimising data governance, building a collaborative operation and maintenance platform and a more intelligent, precise and economical digital plant protection system, conducting in-depth research to clarify the mechanism of the traceability system architecture, and carrying out research on the supervision of platforms, laws and regulations, and so on. Research on platform regulation, laws and regulations, etc. The results of the research will provide ideas and methods for the basic research of digital technology and its application in the field of agriculture.