A review on the development and application of nano-scale amendment in remediating polluted soils and waters

Development of high-efficient and environment-friendly amendments and their potential application in remediating polluted soils and waters have received a considerable attention in the last decade. With the fast development of environmental molecular material science and engineering, the application of nano-scale materials in remediating polluted soils and waters has gained even more attention in recent times. The unique characteristics of enhanced huge planar surfaces of nano-particles are expected to enable and increase interface reactions. Such reactions include surface and specific adsorption of heavy metallic ions and organic pollutants by asorbents, strengthened oxidation-reduction reactions on planar surfaces, etc. It is predicted that nano-scale amendments will in-creasingly be important in remediating polluted soils and waters. This review therefore highlights current research on application of nano-scale amendments on remediation of polluted soils and waters. Various perspectives of nano-particles with regard to environ-mental cleaning and potential environmental and health impacts associated with the nano-particle application are also presented. The work thus provides vital information for the future development of this field of science.